testBytes(numBytes, expectedCount, 0, -1);
  }

  /**
   * Helper to run the loop to test all the permutations for the number of bytes specified. This
   * overload is useful for debugging to get the loop to start at a certain character.
   *
   * @param numBytes the number of bytes in the byte array
   * @param expectedCount the expected number of roundtrippable permutations

   * @param unit the unit that {@code duration} is expressed in
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code duration} is not positive
   * @since 2.0
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // Prefer the Duration overload
  public static <T extends @Nullable Object> Supplier<T> memoizeWithExpiration(
      Supplier<T> delegate, long duration, TimeUnit unit) {
    checkNotNull(delegate);

   *
   * <p><b>{@code Stream} equivalent:</b> {@link java.util.stream.Stream#of(Object[])
   * Stream.of(T...)}.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (since 18.0 as an overload of {@code of})
   */
  public static <E extends @Nullable Object> FluentIterable<E> from(E[] elements) {
    return from(Arrays.asList(elements));
  }

  /**

   *
   * <p><b>{@code Stream} equivalent:</b> {@link java.util.stream.Stream#of(Object[])
   * Stream.of(T...)}.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (since 18.0 as an overload of {@code of})
   */
  public static <E extends @Nullable Object> FluentIterable<E> from(E[] elements) {
    return from(Arrays.asList(elements));
  }

  /**

    // TODO: b/381289911 - Evaluate the performance impact of doing so.
    return join(parts.iterator());
  }

  /*
   * TODO: b/381289911 - Make the Iterator overload use StringJoiner (including Android or not)—or
   * some other optimization, given that StringJoiner can over-allocate:
   * https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8305774
   */

     * this client silently recovers from the following problems:
     *
     * * **Unreachable IP addresses.** If the URL's host has multiple IP addresses,
     *   failure to reach any individual IP address doesn't fail the overall request. This can
     *   increase availability of multi-homed services.
     *
     * * **Stale pooled connections.** The [ConnectionPool] reuses sockets

abstract class AbstractMapBasedMultimap<K extends @Nullable Object, V extends @Nullable Object>
    extends AbstractMultimap<K, V> implements Serializable {
  /*
   * Here's an outline of the overall design.
   *
   * The map variable contains the collection of values associated with each
   * key. When a key-value pair is added to a multimap that didn't previously

    to manually prioritize specific IP addresses.

 *  Fix: Don't throw when converting an `HttpUrl` to a `java.net.URI`.
    Previously URLs with special characters like `|` and `[` would break when
    subjected to URI’s overly-strict validation.
 *  Fix: Don't re-encode `+` as `%20` in encoded URL query strings. OkHttp
    prefers `%20` when doing its own encoding, but will retain `+` when that is
    provided.

   *
   * <p>This method refines {@link Collection#add}, which only <i>ensures</i> the presence of the
   * element, to further specify that a successful call must always increment the count of the
   * element, and the overall size of the collection, by one.
   *
   * <p>To both add the element and obtain the previous count of that element, use {@link
   * #add(Object, int) add}{@code (element, 1)} instead.
   *

   * the problem impacts just one stream or the entire connection.
   *
   * To differentiate the two cases we ping the server when a stream times out. If the overall
   * connection is fine the ping will receive a pong; otherwise it won't.
   *
   * The deadline to respond to this ping attempts to limit the cost of being wrong. If it is too