// Wait for reset timeout
        Thread.sleep(1100);

        // First success should transition to HALF_OPEN
        String result = circuitBreaker.executeWithCircuitBreaker(() -> "success 0");
        assertEquals("success 0", result, "Should execute in HALF_OPEN");
        assertEquals(State.HALF_OPEN, circuitBreaker.getState(), "Should be in HALF_OPEN after first success");

        assertEquals(1 + expectedString.length + 1, used, "Expected exactly one command byte plus OEM string and NUL terminator");
        assertEquals(0x04, buffer[0] & 0xFF, "First byte must be SMB_COM_QUERY_INFORMATION type 0x04");
        // Verify that the string part ends with the null terminator
        assertArrayEquals(expectedString, subArray(buffer, 1, expectedString.length));

            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Share name contains invalid characters: " + share);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Validates integer for safe arithmetic operations
     *
     * @param a first operand
     * @param b second operand
     * @param operation the operation name
     * @throws ArithmeticException if operation would overflow
     */

    @Test
    void testMultipleReads() throws SMBProtocolDecodingException {
        // First read
        byte[] firstData = { 1, 2, 3 };
        byte[] buffer1 = new byte[10];
        System.arraycopy(firstData, 0, buffer1, 0, firstData.length);
        response.readDataWireFormat(buffer1, 0, firstData.length);

        // Verify first data
        for (int i = 0; i < firstData.length; i++) {

        // Then - Check that counter portion has entropy
        // For SMB3-compliant nonces, the first 8 bytes are a counter (little-endian)
        // so we check that the counter bytes change as expected
        Set<String> uniqueCounters = new HashSet<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < sampleSize; i++) {
            // Extract first 8 bytes as counter
            byte[] counter = new byte[8];

        assertEquals(3, pairs.size(), "Should have decoded three pairs");

        // Check first pair (AvFlags)
        assertEquals(AvPair.MsvAvFlags, pairs.get(0).getType(), "First pair should be MsvAvFlags");
        assertTrue(pairs.get(0) instanceof AvFlags, "First pair should be AvFlags instance");

        // Check second pair (AvTimestamp)

        URLConnection connection2 = handler.openConnection(url2);

        assertNotNull(connection1, "First connection should not be null.");
        assertNotNull(connection2, "Second connection should not be null.");
        assertTrue(connection1 instanceof NtlmHttpURLConnection, "First connection should be wrapped.");
        assertTrue(connection2 instanceof NtlmHttpURLConnection, "Second connection should be wrapped.");

        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> filter.destroy());
    }

    @Test
    void testDoFilter_noAuthorizationHeader_shouldChallengeClient() throws Exception {
        // Initialize filter first
        initializeFilter();

        // Test request without Authorization header should challenge client
        when(request.getHeader("Authorization")).thenReturn(null);

        Name name = new Name(mockConfig, "TEST", 0x20, null);
        byte[] dst = new byte[100];

        int length = name.writeWireFormat(dst, 0);

        // Check first byte is 0x20
        assertEquals(0x20, dst[0]);

        // Check encoded name (TEST -> encoded as pairs)
        // T = 0x54 -> upper nibble: 0x5 -> 0x46 (F), lower nibble: 0x4 -> 0x45 (E)

    /**
     * Do not instantiate.
     */
    protected ObjectUtil() {
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the two objects are equal, or both are null.
     *
     * @param object1 the first object
     * @param object2 the second object
     * @return true if equal or both null, false otherwise
     */
    public static boolean equals(final Object object1, final Object object2) {
        if (object1 == object2) {