/// note

FastAPI will know that the value of `q` is not required because of the default value `= None`.

The `Union` in `Union[str, None]` will allow your editor to give you better support and detect errors.

///

## Additional validation

We are going to enforce that even though `q` is optional, whenever it is provided, **its length doesn't exceed 50 characters**.

```Python hl_lines="7"
{!../../docs_src/path_params/tutorial002.py!}
```

In diesem Fall wird `item_id` als `int` deklariert, also als Ganzzahl.

/// check

Dadurch erhalten Sie Editor-Unterstützung innerhalb Ihrer Funktion, mit Fehlerprüfungen, Codevervollständigung, usw.

///

## Daten-<abbr title="Auch bekannt als: Serialisierung, Parsen, Marshalling">Konversion</abbr>

Estas funções são assim (ao invés de apenas usar as classes diretamente) para que seu editor não acuse erros sobre seus tipos.

Dessa maneira você pode user seu editor e ferramentas de desenvolvimento sem precisar adicionar configurações customizadas para ignorar estes erros.

* dans <a href="https://code.visualstudio.com/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Visual Studio Code</a>:

![editor support](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/vscode-completion.png)

* dans <a href="https://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm/" class="external-link" target="_blank">PyCharm</a>:

![editor support](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/pycharm-completion.png)

Up to now, you have been using common data types, like:

* `int`
* `float`
* `str`
* `bool`

But you can also use more complex data types.

And you will still have the same features as seen up to now:

* Great editor support.
* Data conversion from incoming requests.
* Data conversion for response data.
* Data validation.
* Automatic annotation and documentation.

## Other data types

And it generates OpenAPI schemas.

That's how it works in Flask, Starlette, Responder, etc.

But then, we have again the problem of having a micro-syntax, inside of a Python string (a big YAML).

The editor can't help much with that. And if we modify parameters or Marshmallow schemas and forget to also modify that YAML docstring, the generated schema would be obsolete.

/// info

      "xn--a",
      "xn--a.ß",
      "xn--a.xn--zca",
      "xn--a-yoc",
      // OkHttp doesn't reject U+FFFD encoded in Punycode.
      "xn--zn7c.com",
      // OkHttp doesn't reject a U+200D. https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5892.html#appendix-A.2
      "xn--1ug.example",
      // OkHttp doesn't implement CheckJoiners.
      "\u200D.example",
      // OkHttp doesn't implement CheckBidi.
      "يa",
    )

  @Test

# Depuração

Você pode conectar o depurador no seu editor, por exemplo, com o Visual Studio Code ou PyCharm.

## Chamar `uvicorn`

Em seu aplicativo FastAPI, importe e execute `uvicorn` diretamente:

```Python hl_lines="1  15"
{!../../docs_src/debugging/tutorial001.py!}
```

### Sobre `__name__ == "__main__"`

O objetivo principal de `__name__ == "__main__"` é ter algum código que seja executado quando seu arquivo for chamado com:

# Debugging

You can connect the debugger in your editor, for example with Visual Studio Code or PyCharm.

## Call `uvicorn`

In your FastAPI application, import and run `uvicorn` directly:

```Python hl_lines="1  15"
{!../../docs_src/debugging/tutorial001.py!}
```

### About `__name__ == "__main__"`

The main purpose of the `__name__ == "__main__"` is to have some code that is executed when your file is called with:

```Python
        ... "item_name": item.name ...
```

... zu:

```Python
        ... "item_price": item.price ...
```

... und sehen Sie, wie Ihr Editor die Attribute automatisch ausfüllt und ihre Typen kennt:

![Editor Unterstützung](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/vscode-completion.png)