}

  private static long random() {
    return randomSource.nextLong();
  }

  // A random value that cannot be 0 and that is unsigned-less-than or equal
  // to the given dividend, so that we don't have half of our divisions being
  // trivial because the divisor is bigger than the dividend.
  // Using remainder here does not give us a uniform distribution but it should
  // not have a big impact on the measurement.

 * a {@link RoundingMode}.
 */
@GwtIncompatible
abstract class ToDoubleRounder<X extends Number & Comparable<X>> {
  /**
   * Returns x rounded to either the greatest double less than or equal to the precise value of x,
   * or the least double greater than or equal to the precise value of x.
   */
  abstract double roundToDoubleArbitrarily(X x);

  /** Returns the sign of x: either -1, 0, or 1. */
  abstract int sign(X x);

# https://github.com/apache/lucene-solr/blob/master/lucene/analysis/common/src/resources/org/apache/lucene/analysis/snowball/danish_stop.txt
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 *
 * <p>Unlike {@code java.util.HashSet}, iteration is only proportional to the actual {@code size()},
 * which is optimal, and <i>not</i> the size of the internal hashtable, which could be much larger
 * than {@code size()}. Furthermore, this structure only depends on a fixed number of arrays; {@code
 * add(x)} operations <i>do not</i> create objects for the garbage collector to deal with, and for

   *
   * @param element the element to prepend to the front of {@code array}
   * @param array the array of elements to append
   * @return an array whose size is one larger than {@code array}, with {@code element} occupying
   *     the first position, and the elements of {@code array} occupying the remaining elements.
   */

   */
  public double populationCovariance() {
    checkState(count() != 0);
    return sumOfProductsOfDeltas / count();
  }

  /**
   * Returns the sample covariance of the values. The count must be greater than one.
   *
   * <p>This is not guaranteed to return zero when the dataset consists of the same pair of values
   * multiple times, due to numerical errors.
   *
   * <h3>Non-finite values</h3>
   *

    "input": "\uFFFD.com",
    "output": null
  },
  {
    "comment": "U+FFFD character encoded in Punycode",
    "input": "xn--zn7c.com",
    "output": null
  },
  {
    "comment": "Label longer than 63 code points",
    "input": "x01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901x",
    "output": "x01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901x"
  },
  {

   */
  fun cancel()

  /**
   * Carries an exchange. This is usually a connection, but it could also be a connect plan for
   * CONNECT tunnels. Note that CONNECT tunnels are significantly less capable than connections.
   */
  interface Carrier {
    val route: Route

    fun trackFailure(
      call: RealCall,
      e: IOException?,
    )

    fun noNewExchanges()

    fun cancel()
  }

   *
   * <p>If {@code value} is within the range {@code [min..max]}, {@code value} is returned
   * unchanged. If {@code value} is less than {@code min}, {@code min} is returned, and if {@code
   * value} is greater than {@code max}, {@code max} is returned.
   *
   * <p><b>Java 21+ users:</b> Use {@code Math.clamp} instead.
   *
   * @param value the {@code float} value to constrain

      assertFalse(
          "Inverse should not contain value " + reversed.getValue(),
          inv.containsValue(reversed.getValue()));
      /*
       * TODO(cpovirk): This is a bit stronger than super.expectMissing(), which permits a <key,
       * someOtherValue> pair.
       */
      assertNull(
          "Inverse should not return a mapping for key " + reversed.getKey(),
          inv.get(reversed.getKey()));