* }
 * }
 *
 * @author Ben Yu
 * @since 12.0
 */
/*
 * A nullable bound would let users create a TypeParameter instance for a parameter with a nullable
 * bound. However, it would also let them create `new TypeParameter<@Nullable T>() {}`, which
 * wouldn't behave as users might expect. Additionally, it's not clear how the TypeToken API could
 * support even a "normal" `TypeParameter<T>` when `<T>` has a nullable bound. (See the discussion

   * FeatureSpecificTestSuiteBuilder.suppressing()}.
   */
  /*
   * TODO(cpovirk): or we could make HOLES_FORBIDDEN a feature. Or we could declare that
   * implementations are permitted to throw IAE if a hole is requested, and we could update
   * test*Hole to permit IAE. (But might this ignore genuine bugs?) But see the TODO above
   * testLower, which could make this all unnecessary
   */
  public static Method[] getHoleMethods() {

 * a file or directory that would be more accessible.
 */
@J2ktIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible
@J2ObjCIncompatible
abstract class TempFileCreator {
  static final TempFileCreator INSTANCE = pickSecureCreator();

  /**
   * @throws IllegalStateException if the directory could not be created (to implement the contract

        "needy"
      ],
      "msg": "Field required",
      "input": null
    }
  ]
}
```

As `needy` is a required parameter, you would need to set it in the URL:

```
http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo-item?needy=sooooneedy
```

...this would work:

```JSON
{
    "item_id": "foo-item",
    "needy": "sooooneedy"
}
```

We can do better...

## What makes a dependency { #what-makes-a-dependency }

Up to now you have seen dependencies declared as functions.

But that's not the only way to declare dependencies (although it would probably be the more common).

The key factor is that a dependency should be a "callable".

A "**callable**" in Python is anything that Python can "call" like a function.

   *
   * - https://github.com/jspecify/jdk/commit/71d826792b8c7ef95d492c50a274deab938f2552
   */
  /*
   * TODO(cpovirk): Is the unchecked cast avoidable? Would System.arraycopy be similarly fast (if
   * likewise not type-checked)? Could our single caller do something different?
   */
  @SuppressWarnings({"nullness", "unchecked"})

## Custom CDN for JavaScript and CSS { #custom-cdn-for-javascript-and-css }

Let's say that you want to use a different <abbr title="Content Delivery Network">CDN</abbr>, for example you want to use `https://unpkg.com/`.

This could be useful if for example you live in a country that restricts some URLs.

### Disable the automatic docs { #disable-the-automatic-docs }

The first step is to disable the automatic docs, as by default, those use the default CDN.

The OpenAPI schema is what powers the two interactive documentation systems included.

And there are dozens of alternatives, all based on OpenAPI. You could easily add any of those alternatives to your application built with **FastAPI**.

You could also use it to generate code automatically, for clients that communicate with your API. For example, frontend, mobile or IoT applications.

In the next chapter about [FastAPI in Containers - Docker](docker.md){.internal-link target=_blank} I'll explain some strategies you could use to handle the other **deployment concepts**.

I'll show you how to **build your own image from scratch** to run a single Uvicorn process. It is a simple process and is probably what you would want to do when using a distributed container management system like **Kubernetes**.

## Recap { #recap }

   *
   * - https://github.com/jspecify/jdk/commit/71d826792b8c7ef95d492c50a274deab938f2552
   */
  /*
   * TODO(cpovirk): Is the unchecked cast avoidable? Would System.arraycopy be similarly fast (if
   * likewise not type-checked)? Could our single caller do something different?
   */
  @SuppressWarnings({"nullness", "unchecked"})