`User-Agent`, `Host`, `Connection`, and `Content-Type`. It will add an `Accept-Encoding` header for transparent response compression unless the header is already present. If you’ve got cookies, OkHttp will add a `Cookie` header with them.

Some requests will have a cached response. When this cached response isn’t fresh, OkHttp can do a _conditional GET_ to download an updated response if it’s newer than what’s cached. This requires headers like `If-Modified-Since` and `If-None-Match` to be...

     */
    @Override
    public int read(final byte[] b, final int off, final int len) throws IOException {
        return inputStream.read(b, off, len);
    }

    /**
     * Reads some number of bytes from the input stream and stores them into the buffer array b.
     *
     * @param b the buffer into which the data is read

   * other {@code ClassValue} entries for the exception type to be tested. This lets us evaluate
   * whether our solution scales to use with multiple exception types and to whether it is affected
   * by other {@code ClassValue} users. Some of the benchmarked implementations don't use one or
   * both of these mechanisms, so they will be unaffected.
   */
  @Param({"0", "1", "12"})
  int otherEntriesInDataStructure;

* Последовательность позиционных аргументов, которые должны быть переданы функции задачи, в порядке (`email`).
* Любые именованные аргументы, которые должны быть переданы функции задачи (`message="some notification"`).

## Встраивание зависимостей { #dependency-injection }

        final StringBuilder largeContent = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            largeContent.append("Line ").append(i).append(" with some content\n");
        }
        final InputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(largeContent.toString().getBytes());

        final ExtractData result = textExtractor.getText(in, null);

        assertNotNull(result);

{* ../../docs_src/security/tutorial007_an_py39.py hl[1,12:24] *}

这类似于：

```Python
if not (credentials.username == "stanleyjobson") or not (credentials.password == "swordfish"):
    # Return some error
    ...
```

但使用 `secrets.compare_digest()`，可以防御**时差攻击**，更加安全。

### 时差攻击

什么是**时差攻击**？

假设攻击者试图猜出用户名与密码。

他们发送用户名为 `johndoe`，密码为 `love123`  的请求。

然后，Python 代码执行如下操作：

```Python

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * A step in a pipeline of an asynchronous computation. When the last step in the computation is
 * complete, some objects captured during the computation are closed.
 *
 * <p>A pipeline of {@code ClosingFuture}s is a tree of steps. Each step represents either an

      }
    }

    // some random values
    Random random = new Random(0);
    for (int repeats = 0; repeats < 10000; repeats++) {
      assertThat(BloomFilter.optimalNumOfBits(random.nextInt(1 << 16), random.nextDouble()))
          .isAtLeast(0);
    }

    // and some crazy values (this used to be capped to Integer.MAX_VALUE, now it can go bigger

// If some data is available but not len(p) bytes, Read conventionally returns what is available instead of waiting for more.
// When Read encounters an error or end-of-file condition after successfully reading n > 0 bytes, it returns the number of bytes read.
// It may return the (non-nil) error from the same call or return the error (and n == 0) from a subsequent call.

    }
  }

  private static boolean equal(@Nullable Object a, @Nullable Object b) {
    return a == b || (a != null && a.equals(b));
  }

  // This one-liner saves us from some ugly casts
  protected Entry<K, V> entry(K key, V value) {
    return mapEntry(key, value);
  }

  @Override
  protected void expectContents(Collection<Entry<K, V>> expected) {