from pydantic import BaseModel


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None


app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/items/")
def create_item(item: Item):
    return item


@app.get("/items/")
def read_items() -> List[Item]:
    return [
        Item(
            name="Portal Gun",
            description="Device to travel through the multi-rick-verse",
        ),

You can use `async def` or normal `def`.

And you can declare dependencies with `async def` inside of normal `def` *path operation functions*, or `def` dependencies inside of `async def` *path operation functions*, etc.

It doesn't matter. **FastAPI** will know what to do.

/// note

from fastapi import FastAPI, File, UploadFile

app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/files/")
async def create_file(file: Annotated[bytes | None, File()] = None):
    if not file:
        return {"message": "No file sent"}
    else:
        return {"file_size": len(file)}


@app.post("/uploadfile/")
async def create_upload_file(file: UploadFile | None = None):
    if not file:
        return {"message": "No upload file sent"}

    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: float
    tax: Union[float, None] = None
    tags: List[str] = []


@app.post("/items/")
async def create_item(item: Item) -> Item:
    return item


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items() -> List[Item]:
    return [
        Item(name="Portal Gun", price=42.0),
        Item(name="Plumbus", price=32.0),

Você pode definir manipuladores de eventos (funções) que precisam ser executadas antes da aplicação inicializar, ou quando a aplicação estiver encerrando.

Essas funções podem ser declaradas com `async def` ou `def` normal.

### Evento `startup`

Para adicionar uma função que deve rodar antes da aplicação iniciar, declare-a com o evento `"startup"`:

```Python hl_lines="8"
{!../../docs_src/events/tutorial001.py!}

You can define event handlers (functions) that need to be executed before the application starts up, or when the application is shutting down.

These functions can be declared with `async def` or normal `def`.

### `startup` event

To add a function that should be run before the application starts, declare it with the event `"startup"`:

{* ../../docs_src/events/tutorial001.py hl[8] *}

    start_date: datetime


@app.webhooks.post("new-subscription")
def new_subscription(body: Subscription):
    """
    When a new user subscribes to your service we'll send you a POST request with this
    data to the URL that you register for the event `new-subscription` in the dashboard.
    """


@app.get("/users/")
def read_users():

from dirty_equals import IsDict
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py39


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    from docs_src.schema_extra_example.tutorial005_an_py39 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


@needs_py39
def test_post_body_example(client: TestClient):
    response = client.put(
        "/items/5",
        json={
            "name": "Foo",

    return comment_nodes


def create_comment(*, settings: Settings, discussion_id: str, body: str):
    data = get_graphql_response(
        settings=settings,
        query=add_comment_mutation,
        discussion_id=discussion_id,
        body=body,
    )
    response = AddCommentResponse.parse_obj(data)
    return response.data.addDiscussionComment.comment

`Depends`を渡すだけで、**FastAPI** が残りの処理をしてくれます。

///

## `async`にするかどうか

依存関係は **FastAPI**（*path operation関数*と同じ）からも呼び出されるため、関数を定義する際にも同じルールが適用されます。

`async def`や通常の`def`を使用することができます。

また、通常の`def`*path operation関数*の中に`async def`を入れて依存関係を宣言したり、`async def`*path operation関数*の中に`def`を入れて依存関係を宣言したりすることなどができます。

それは重要ではありません。**FastAPI** は何をすべきかを知っています。

/// note | "備考"