若你需要在 Pydantic v1 模型上使用 FastAPI 的參數工具（例如 `Body`、`Query`、`Form` 等），在完成遷移到 Pydantic v2 之前，可以從 `fastapi.temp_pydantic_v1_params` 匯入：

{* ../../docs_src/pydantic_v1_in_v2/tutorial004_an_py310.py hl[4,18] *}

### 分步遷移 { #migrate-in-steps }

/// tip

先嘗試使用 `bump-pydantic`，如果測試通過且一切正常，你就能用一條指令完成遷移。✨

///

若 `bump-pydantic` 不適用於你的情境，可以利用在同一應用同時支援 Pydantic v1 與 v2 的能力，逐步完成遷移。

你可以先升級 Pydantic 到最新 v2，並將所有模型的匯入改為使用 `pydantic.v1`。

am/configure-openid-external-identity-management.html for a tutorial on using these variables. oidc: enabled: false configUrl: "https://identity-provider-url/.well-known/openid-configuration" clientId: "minio" clientSecret: "" claimName: "policy" scopes: "openid,profile,email" redirectUri: "https://console-endpoint-url/oauth_callback" # Can leave empty claimPrefix: "" comment: "" networkPolicy: enabled: false allowExternal: true ## PodDisruptionBudget settings ## ref: https://kubernetes.io/docs/...

am/configure-openid-external-identity-management.html for a tutorial on using these variables. oidc: enabled: false configUrl: "https://identity-provider-url/.well-known/openid-configuration" clientId: "minio" clientSecret: "" claimName: "policy" scopes: "openid,profile,email" redirectUri: "https://console-endpoint-url/oauth_callback" # Can leave empty claimPrefix: "" comment: "" networkPolicy: enabled: false allowExternal: true ## PodDisruptionBudget settings ## ref: https://kubernetes.io/docs/...

am/configure-openid-external-identity-management.html for a tutorial on using these variables. oidc: enabled: false configUrl: "https://identity-provider-url/.well-known/openid-configuration" clientId: "minio" clientSecret: "" claimName: "policy" scopes: "openid,profile,email" redirectUri: "https://console-endpoint-url/oauth_callback" # Can leave empty claimPrefix: "" comment: "" networkPolicy: enabled: false allowExternal: true ## PodDisruptionBudget settings ## ref: https://kubernetes.io/docs/...

am/configure-openid-external-identity-management.html for a tutorial on using these variables. oidc: enabled: false configUrl: "https://identity-provider-url/.well-known/openid-configuration" clientId: "minio" clientSecret: "" claimName: "policy" scopes: "openid,profile,email" redirectUri: "https://console-endpoint-url/oauth_callback" # Can leave empty claimPrefix: "" comment: "" networkPolicy: enabled: false allowExternal: true ## PodDisruptionBudget settings ## ref: https://kubernetes.io/docs/...

  /**
   * Device Control 1. Characters for the control of ancillary devices associated with data
   * processing or telecommunication systems, more especially switching devices "on" or "off." (If a
   * single "stop" control is required to interrupt or turn off ancillary devices, DC4 is the
   * preferred assignment.)
   *
   * @since 8.0
   */
  public static final byte DC1 = 17; // aka XON

  /**

 * an existing external tool is required.
 *
 * See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/61929216/how-to-log-tlsv1-3-keys-in-jsse-for-wireshark-to-decode-traffic
 *
 * Steps to run in your own code
 *
 * 1. In your main method `WireSharkListenerFactory.register()`
 * 2. Create Listener factory `val eventListenerFactory = WireSharkListenerFactory(

따라서, 아래는 모두 상이한 출처입니다:

* `http://localhost`
* `https://localhost`
* `http://localhost:8080`

모두 `localhost`에 있더라도, 서로 다른 프로토콜이나 포트를 사용하므로 서로 다른 "출처"입니다.

## 단계 { #steps }

그러면 브라우저에서 `http://localhost:8080`으로 실행되는 프론트엔드가 있고, 그 JavaScript가 `http://localhost`에서 실행되는 백엔드와 통신하려고 한다고 해봅시다(포트를 명시하지 않았기 때문에, 브라우저는 기본 포트 `80`을 가정합니다).

  }

  public void testPeekingIteratorBehavesLikeIteratorOnSingletonIterable() {
    actsLikeIteratorHelper(singletonList(new Object()));
  }

  // TODO(cpovirk): instead of skipping, use a smaller number of steps
  @GwtIncompatible // works but takes 5 minutes to run
  public void testPeekingIteratorBehavesLikeIteratorOnThreeElementIterable() {
    actsLikeIteratorHelper(Lists.newArrayList("A", "B", "C"));
  }

       * which we don't support anyway.
       */
      return nextIndex >= 0;
    }

    /**
     * Checks whether nextIndex is valid; if so setting nextItem. Stops iterator when either hits
     * putIndex or sees null item.
     */
    private void checkNext() {
      if (nextIndex == putIndex) {
        nextIndex = -1;
        nextItem = null;
      } else {