# 请求表单与文件

FastAPI 支持同时使用 `File` 和 `Form` 定义文件和表单字段。

/// info | 说明

接收上传文件或表单数据，要预先安装 <a href="https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart" class="external-link" target="_blank">`python-multipart`</a>。

例如，`pip install python-multipart`。

///

## 导入 `File` 与 `Form`

{* ../../docs_src/request_forms_and_files/tutorial001.py hl[1] *}

## 定义 `File` 与 `Form` 参数

创建文件和表单参数的方式与 `Body` 和 `Query` 一样：

def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {
        "openapi": "3.1.0",
        "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
        "paths": {
            "/a": {
                "get": {
                    "responses": {
                        "500": {

* «/// check»: «/// check | Testen»
* «/// danger»: «/// danger | Gefahr»
* «/// info»: «/// info | Info»
* «/// note | Technical Details»: «/// note | Technische Details»
* «/// note»: «/// note | Hinweis»
* «/// tip»: «/// tip | Tipp»
* «/// warning»: «/// warning | Achtung»
* «you»: «Sie»
* «your»: «Ihr»

                } else {
                    update = updateCheckManager.isUpdateRequired(metadata, repository, file);
                }

                if (update) {
                    getLogger().info(metadata.getKey() + ": checking for updates from " + repository.getId());
                    try {
                        wagonManager.getArtifactMetadata(metadata, repository, file, policy.getChecksumPolicy());

def test_openapi_schema(client: TestClient):
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {
        "openapi": "3.1.0",
        "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
        "paths": {
            "/items/": {
                "get": {
                    "responses": {
                        "200": {

def test_openapi_schema(client: TestClient):
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {
        "openapi": "3.1.0",
        "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
        "paths": {
            "/items/": {
                "get": {
                    "responses": {
                        "200": {

Im Folgenden deklarieren wir ein `UserIn`-Modell; es enthält ein Klartext-Passwort:

{* ../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial002_py310.py hl[7,9] *}

/// info | Info

Um `EmailStr` zu verwenden, installieren Sie zuerst <a href="https://github.com/JoshData/python-email-validator" class="external-link" target="_blank">`email-validator`</a>.

# Modelos de Formulários { #form-models }

Você pode utilizar **Modelos Pydantic** para declarar **campos de formulários** no FastAPI.

/// info | Informação

Para utilizar formulários, instale primeiramente o <a href="https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart" class="external-link" target="_blank">`python-multipart`</a>.

Certifique-se de criar um [ambiente virtual](../virtual-environments.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, ativá-lo, e então instalar. Por exemplo:

def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {
        "openapi": "3.1.0",
        "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
        "paths": {
            "/a": {
                "get": {
                    "responses": {
                        "501": {"description": "Error 1"},

# Request Forms and Files { #request-forms-and-files }

You can define files and form fields at the same time using `File` and `Form`.

/// info

To receive uploaded files and/or form data, first install <a href="https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart" class="external-link" target="_blank">`python-multipart`</a>.

Make sure you create a [virtual environment](../virtual-environments.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, activate it, and then install it, for example: