assertEquals(buf.length, n, "Parameter bytes written should match expected length");
        // informationLevel LE at offset 4..5
        assertEquals((byte) 0x04, buf[4]);
        assertEquals((byte) 0x01, buf[5]);
    }

    /**
     * Ensures writeSetupWireFormat writes subcommand and trailing zero, returning 2.
     */
    @Test
    void testWriteSetupWireFormat() {
        // Given

		ACB_USE_DES_KEY_ONLY       = 0x00008000, /* 1 = Use DES key only */
		ACB_DONT_REQUIRE_PREAUTH   = 0x00010000  /* 1 = Preauth not required */
	} SamrAcctFlags;

	[op(0x01)]
	int SamrCloseHandle([in] policy_handle *handle);

	[op(0x39)]
	int SamrConnect2([in,string,unique] wchar_t *system_name,
			[in] uint32_t access_mask,
			[out] policy_handle *handle);

	[op(0x3e)]

        Arrays.fill(destData, (byte) 0x00); // Clear destData
        ndrBuffer.readOctetArray(destData, 1, 3); // Read 0x10, 0x11, 0x12 into destData[1-3]

        assertEquals(3, ndrBuffer.getIndex());
        assertEquals(0x00, destData[0]);
        assertEquals(0x10, destData[1]);
        assertEquals(0x11, destData[2]);
        assertEquals(0x12, destData[3]);
        assertEquals(0x00, destData[4]);
    }

    @Test

        assertEquals(0x11, smbComOpenAndX.openFunction); // OPEN_FN_CREATE | OPEN_FN_OPEN
    }

    /**
     * Test constructor with no special flags.
     */
    @Test
    void testConstructor_OpenOnly() {
        int flags = 0;
        smbComOpenAndX = new SmbComOpenAndX(fileName, access, flags, andx);
        assertEquals(0x01, smbComOpenAndX.openFunction); // OPEN_FN_OPEN
    }

    /**

    private Smb2SessionSetupRequest request;

    // Test constants
    private static final int TEST_SECURITY_MODE = 0x01;
    private static final int TEST_CAPABILITIES = 0x00000001;
    private static final long TEST_PREVIOUS_SESSION_ID = 0x1234567890ABCDEFL;
    private static final byte[] TEST_TOKEN = { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05 };

    @BeforeEach
    void setUp() {
        mockConfig = mock(Configuration.class);

                new byte[] { (byte) 0xbb, (byte) 0x6e, (byte) 0xd3, (byte) 0x08, (byte) 0x70, (byte) 0xb7, (byte) 0xf0, (byte) 0xe0 });

        // 64-fold("kerberos")
        verifyNfold("kerberos", 8,
                new byte[] { (byte) 0x6b, (byte) 0x65, (byte) 0x72, (byte) 0x62, (byte) 0x65, (byte) 0x72, (byte) 0x6f, (byte) 0x73 });
    }

    /**
     * Helper method to verify n-fold expansion.
     */

        SmbComLockingAndX cmd = new SmbComLockingAndX(cfg);
        // set fields via reflection
        setField(cmd, "fid", 0x1234);
        setField(cmd, "typeOfLock", (byte) 0x05);
        setField(cmd, "newOpLockLevel", (byte) 0x01);
        setField(cmd, "timeout", 3000L);
        // arrays of one lock and one unlock range
        LockingAndXRange lock = new LockingAndXRange(false);

        originalPairs.add(new AvTimestamp(new byte[] { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08 }));
        originalPairs.add(new AvTargetName("TESTNAME".getBytes()));
        originalPairs.add(new AvSingleHost(new byte[] { 0x11, 0x22, 0x33, 0x44 }));
        originalPairs.add(new AvChannelBindings(new byte[] { 0x55, 0x66 }));

        byte[] encoded = AvPairs.encode(originalPairs);

        // Check encoded name (TEST -> encoded as pairs)
        // T = 0x54 -> upper nibble: 0x5 -> 0x46 (F), lower nibble: 0x4 -> 0x45 (E)
        assertEquals('F', dst[1]); // (0x54 >> 4) + 0x41 = 0x46 = 'F'
        assertEquals('E', dst[2]); // (0x54 & 0x0F) + 0x41 = 0x45 = 'E'

        // Check padding (positions 8-30 should be 'CA' pairs for spaces)
        for (int i = 8; i < 31; i += 2) {
            assertEquals('C', dst[i + 1]);

    public void testReadSid() throws IOException, PACDecodingException {
        // A simple SID: S-1-1-0
        byte[] data = new byte[] { 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // sidSize = 1
                0x01, // revision
                0x01, // sub-authority count
                0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, // authority
                0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 // sub-authority 1
        };
        PacDataInputStream pdis = createInputStream(data);