## Lifespan

You can define this *startup* and *shutdown* logic using the `lifespan` parameter of the `FastAPI` app, and a "context manager" (I'll show you what that is in a second).

Let's start with an example and then see it in detail.

We create an async function `lifespan()` with `yield` like this:

{* ../../docs_src/events/tutorial003.py hl[16,19] *}

        authorization = request.headers.get("Authorization")
        if not authorization:
            if self.auto_error:
                raise HTTPException(
                    status_code=HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail="Not authenticated"
                )
            else:
                return None
        return authorization


class OAuth2PasswordBearer(OAuth2):
    """

      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>attach-test-sources</id>
            <phase>post-integration-test</phase>
            <goals><goal>test-jar</goal></goals>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>

      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>attach-test-sources</id>
            <phase>post-integration-test</phase>
            <goals><goal>test-jar</goal></goals>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>

      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
        <artifactId>build-helper-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <goals>
              <goal>attach-artifact</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
              <artifacts>
                <artifact>
                  <file>${basedir}/src/main/mdo/maven.mdo</file>
                  <type>mdo</type>

    return client


@needs_py39
def test_get_no_item(client: TestClient):
    response = client.get("/items/foo")
    assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"detail": "Item not found, there's only a plumbus here"}


@needs_py39
def test_get(client: TestClient):
    response = client.get("/items/plumbus")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

    assert response.json() == {"username": "secret"}


def test_security_api_key_no_key():
    response = client.get("/users/me")
    assert response.status_code == 403, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"detail": "Not authenticated"}


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {
        "openapi": "3.1.0",

def test_security_http_base_no_credentials():
    response = client.get("/users/me")
    assert response.status_code == 403, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"detail": "Not authenticated"}


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {
        "openapi": "3.1.0",

        raise InternalError(
            f"The portal gun is too dangerous to be owned by {username}"
        )
    if item_id != "plumbus":
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=404, detail="Item not found, there's only a plumbus here"
        )

```

</div>

Wenn Sie dann zu den URLs unter `/openapi.json`, `/docs` oder `/redoc` gehen, erhalten Sie lediglich einen `404 Not Found`-Fehler, wie:

```JSON
{
    "detail": "Not Found"
}