FastAPI (actually Starlette) will automatically include a Content-Length header. It will also include a Content-Type header, based on the `media_type` and appending a charset for text types.

{* ../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial002.py hl[1,18] *}

### `HTMLResponse` { #htmlresponse }

Takes some text or bytes and returns an HTML response, as you read above.

## Documenting webhooks with **FastAPI** and OpenAPI { #documenting-webhooks-with-fastapi-and-openapi }

With **FastAPI**, using OpenAPI, you can define the names of these webhooks, the types of HTTP operations that your app can send (e.g. `POST`, `PUT`, etc.) and the request **bodies** that your app would send.

name: Test

on:
  push:
    branches:
      - master
  pull_request:
    types:
      - opened
      - synchronize
  schedule:
    # cron every week on monday
    - cron: "0 0 * * 1"

env:
  UV_SYSTEM_PYTHON: 1

jobs:
  lint:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Dump GitHub context
        env:
          GITHUB_CONTEXT: ${{ toJson(github) }}
        run: echo "$GITHUB_CONTEXT"

  protected AbstractListMultimap(Map<K, Collection<V>> map) {
    super(map);
  }

  @Override
  abstract List<V> createCollection();

  @SuppressWarnings("EmptyList") // ImmutableList doesn't support nullable element types
  @Override
  List<V> createUnmodifiableEmptyCollection() {
    return emptyList();
  }

  @Override
  <E extends @Nullable Object> Collection<E> unmodifiableCollectionSubclass(
      Collection<E> collection) {

    }
  }

  private enum PlatformSpecificExceptionBatch {
    PLATFORM {
      @GwtIncompatible
      @J2ktIncompatible
      @Override
      // returns the types available in "normal" environments
      ImmutableMap<Class<? extends Throwable>, Predicate<Throwable>> exceptions() {
        return ImmutableMap.of(
            InvocationTargetException.class,

    }
  }

  private enum PlatformSpecificExceptionBatch {
    PLATFORM {
      @GwtIncompatible
      @J2ktIncompatible
      @Override
      // returns the types available in "normal" environments
      ImmutableMap<Class<? extends Throwable>, Predicate<Throwable>> exceptions() {
        return ImmutableMap.of(
            InvocationTargetException.class,

## Tests de performance et rapidité

Lorsque vous vérifiez les tests de performance, il est commun de voir plusieurs outils de différents types comparés comme équivalents.

En particulier, on voit Uvicorn, Starlette et FastAPI comparés (parmi de nombreux autres outils).

/**
 * ContentCache is a class that provides a way to cache content either in memory or in a file.
 * It implements the Closeable interface to ensure that resources are properly released.
 *
 * <p>This class supports two types of content caching:
 * <ul>
 *   <li>In-memory caching using a byte array</li>
 *   <li>File-based caching using a File object</li>
 * </ul>
 *

import com.google.common.primitives.Chars;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullMarked;

/**
 * Common generators of different types of lists.
 *
 * @author Hayward Chan
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullMarked
public final class ListGenerators {

  private ListGenerators() {}

		t.Fatalf("failed to auto migrate, got error: %v", err)
	}

	columnTypes, err := DB.Table("migrate_nullable_columns").Migrator().ColumnTypes(&MigrateNullableColumn{})
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("failed to get column types, got error: %v", err)
	}

	for _, columnType := range columnTypes {
		switch columnType.Name() {
		case "bonus":
			// allow to change non-nullable to nullable