{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002_py39.py hl[27:31] *}

/// note

For more details, check Starlette's documentation for <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">testing WebSockets</a>.

You can achieve that using <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/validators/#field-after-validator" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic's `AfterValidator`</a> inside of `Annotated`.

/// tip

Pydantic also has <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/validators/#field-before-validator" class="external-link" target="_blank">`BeforeValidator`</a> and others. 🤓

///

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002.py hl[27:31] *}

/// note | Not

Daha fazla detay için Starlette'in <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/staticfiles/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Websockets'i Test Etmek</a> dokümantasyonunu inceleyin.

         * it will be reported as "external". It is up to developer to correctly interpret output (GAV) of issues
         * and realize that in this case he wears two hats:" "user" and "(plugin) developer".
         */
        EXTERNAL
    }

    /**
     * Reports plugin issues applicable to the plugin as a whole.
     * <p>

# Swagger-Oberfläche konfigurieren { #configure-swagger-ui }

Sie können einige zusätzliche <a href="https://swagger.io/docs/open-source-tools/swagger-ui/usage/configuration/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Parameter der Swagger-Oberfläche</a> konfigurieren.

Um diese zu konfigurieren, übergeben Sie das Argument `swagger_ui_parameters` beim Erstellen des `FastAPI()`-App-Objekts oder an die Funktion `get_swagger_ui_html()`.

# Form Data { #form-data }

When you need to receive form fields instead of JSON, you can use `Form`.

/// info

To use forms, first install <a href="https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart" class="external-link" target="_blank">`python-multipart`</a>.

Make sure you create a [virtual environment](../virtual-environments.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, activate it, and then install it, for example:

```console
$ pip install python-multipart
```

Например, добавим <a href="https://github.com/Rebilly/ReDoc/blob/master/docs/redoc-vendor-extensions.md#x-logo" class="external-link" target="_blank">расширение OpenAPI ReDoc для включения собственного логотипа</a>.

### Обычный **FastAPI** { #normal-fastapi }

Сначала напишите приложение **FastAPI** как обычно:

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002_py39.py hl[27:31] *}

/// note | Hinweis

Weitere Informationen finden Sie in Starlettes Dokumentation zum <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">Testen von WebSockets</a>.

# 表单数据

接收的不是 JSON，而是表单字段时，要使用 `Form`。

/// info | 说明

要使用表单，需预先安装 <a href="https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart" class="external-link" target="_blank">`python-multipart`</a>。

例如，`pip install python-multipart`。

///

## 导入 `Form`

从 `fastapi` 导入 `Form`：

{* ../../docs_src/request_forms/tutorial001.py hl[1] *}

## 定义 `Form` 参数

创建表单（`Form`）参数的方式与 `Body` 和 `Query` 一样：

/// info | Информация

Требуется установка `orjson`, например командой `pip install orjson`.

///

### `UJSONResponse` { #ujsonresponse }

Альтернативная реализация JSON-ответа с использованием <a href="https://github.com/ultrajson/ultrajson" class="external-link" target="_blank">`ujson`</a>.