* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND,
 * either express or implied. See the License for the specific language
 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */
package org.codelibs.core.exception;

import static org.codelibs.core.collection.ArrayUtil.asArray;

/**
 * Exception thrown when an argument is null.
 *
 * Intended to be used instead of throwing {@link NullPointerException}.
 *
 * @author wyukawa
 */

 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */
package org.codelibs.core.convert;

import java.text.DecimalFormatSymbols;
import java.util.Locale;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

import org.codelibs.core.misc.LocaleUtil;

/**
 * @author shot
 *
 */
public class NumberConversionUtilTest extends TestCase {

    /**

 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND,
 * either express or implied. See the License for the specific language
 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */
package org.codelibs.core.convert;

import static org.codelibs.core.misc.AssertionUtil.assertArgument;

/**
 * Utility class for conversions related to byte arrays.
 *
 * @author higa
 */
public abstract class BinaryConversionUtil {

    /**

 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND,
 * either express or implied. See the License for the specific language
 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */
package org.codelibs.core.exception;

import static org.codelibs.core.collection.ArrayUtil.asArray;

/**
 * Exception that wraps {@link IllegalAccessException}.
 *
 * @author higa
 */
public class IllegalAccessRuntimeException extends ClRuntimeException {

import static org.codelibs.core.stream.StreamUtil.stream;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.codelibs.core.lang.StringUtil;
import org.codelibs.core.lang.ThreadUtil;

import org.codelibs.core.exception.ClassNotFoundRuntimeException;
import org.codelibs.core.exception.EmptyArgumentException;
import org.codelibs.core.exception.IllegalAccessRuntimeException;
import org.codelibs.core.exception.InstantiationRuntimeException;
import org.codelibs.core.exception.NoSuchConstructorRuntimeException;
import org.codelibs.core.exception.NoSuchFieldRuntimeException;
import org.codelibs.core.exception.NoSuchMethodRuntimeException;

 * either express or implied. See the License for the specific language
 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */
package org.codelibs.core.io;

import static org.codelibs.core.collection.EnumerationIterator.iterable;
import static org.codelibs.core.misc.AssertionUtil.assertArgumentNotNull;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FilterInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

# 高级中间件 { #advanced-middleware }

用户指南介绍了如何为应用添加[自定义中间件](../tutorial/middleware.md)。

以及如何[使用 `CORSMiddleware` 处理 CORS](../tutorial/cors.md)。

本章学习如何使用其它中间件。

## 添加 ASGI 中间件 { #adding-asgi-middlewares }

因为 **FastAPI** 基于 Starlette，且执行 <abbr title="Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface - 异步服务器网关接口">ASGI</abbr> 规范，所以可以使用任意 ASGI 中间件。

中间件不必是专为 FastAPI 或 Starlette 定制的，只要遵循 ASGI 规范即可。

总之，ASGI 中间件是类，并把 ASGI 应用作为第一个参数。

			Queries("cors", "")
		// PutBucketCors - this is a dummy call.
		router.Methods(http.MethodPut).
			HandlerFunc(s3APIMiddleware(api.PutBucketCorsHandler)).
			Queries("cors", "")
		// DeleteBucketCors - this is a dummy call.
		router.Methods(http.MethodDelete).
			HandlerFunc(s3APIMiddleware(api.DeleteBucketCorsHandler)).
			Queries("cors", "")
		// GetBucketWebsiteHandler - this is a dummy call.

 * either express or implied. See the License for the specific language
 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */
package org.codelibs.core.concurrent;

import java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool;

import org.codelibs.core.log.Logger;

/**
 * Utility for common pool operations.
 */
public abstract class CommonPoolUtil {