Si vous ne voulez pas leur donner de valeur par défaut mais juste les rendre optionnels, utilisez `None` comme valeur par défaut.

Mais si vous voulez rendre un paramètre de requête obligatoire, vous pouvez juste ne pas y affecter de valeur par défaut :

{* ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial005.py hl[6:7] *}

/**
 * Supplemental tests for {@link Monitor}.
 *
 * <p>This test class contains various test cases that don't fit into the test case generation in
 * {@link GeneratedMonitorTest}.
 *
 * @author Justin T. Sampson
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class SupplementalMonitorTest extends TestCase {

  public void testLeaveWithoutEnterThrowsIMSE() {
    Monitor monitor = new Monitor();

/**
 * Supplemental tests for {@link Monitor}.
 *
 * <p>This test class contains various test cases that don't fit into the test case generation in
 * {@link GeneratedMonitorTest}.
 *
 * @author Justin T. Sampson
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class SupplementalMonitorTest extends TestCase {

  public void testLeaveWithoutEnterThrowsIMSE() {
    Monitor monitor = new Monitor();

### Single Container { #single-container }

# About HTTPS { #about-https }

It is easy to assume that HTTPS is something that is just "enabled" or not.

But it is way more complex than that.

/// tip

If you are in a hurry or don't care, continue with the next sections for step by step instructions to set everything up with different techniques.

///

We can use **OAuth2** to build that with **FastAPI**.

But let's save you the time of reading the full long specification just to find those little pieces of information you need.

Let's use the tools provided by **FastAPI** to handle security.

## How it looks { #how-it-looks }

Let's first just use the code and see how it works, and then we'll come back to understand what's happening.

## Create `main.py` { #create-main-py }

* Intégration Python facile avec **Jupyter Kernels** pour le développement à distance ou intra-Docker avec des extensions comme Atom Hydrogen ou Visual Studio Code Jupyter.
* Frontend **Vue** :

	CodeChallengeMethodsSupported    []string `json:"code_challenge_methods_supported,omitempty"`
}

func parseDiscoveryDoc(ustr string) (DiscoveryDoc, error) {
	d := DiscoveryDoc{}
	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, ustr, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return d, err
	}
	clnt := http.Client{
		Transport: http.DefaultTransport,
	}
	resp, err := clnt.Do(req)
	if err != nil {

/// info

The `app.webhooks` object is actually just an `APIRouter`, the same type you would use when structuring your app with multiple files.

///

**FastAPI** provides the same `starlette.responses` as `fastapi.responses` just as a convenience for you, the developer. But most of the available responses come directly from Starlette.

///

## Returning a custom `Response` { #returning-a-custom-response }