在任何*路径操作*收到`request`前,可以添加要和请求一起运行的代码.

也可以在*响应*生成但是返回之前添加代码.

例如你可以添加自定义请求头 `X-Process-Time` 包含以秒为单位的接收请求和生成响应的时间:

{* ../../docs_src/middleware/tutorial001.py hl[10,12:13] *}

## 其他中间件

你可以稍后在 [Advanced User Guide: Advanced Middleware](../advanced/middleware.md){.internal-link target=_blank}阅读更多关于中间件的教程.

If you want to see what has changed in different versions of FastAPI, you can read more about it in the advanced guide, in [Advanced Dependencies - Dependencies with `yield`, `HTTPException`, `except` and Background Tasks](../../advanced/advanced-dependencies.md#dependencies-with-yield-httpexception-except-and-background-tasks){.internal-link target=_blank}.
## Context Managers { #context-managers }

# OpenAPI

There are several utilities to handle OpenAPI.

  private volatile long autoIncrementStepNanos;

  /** Advances the ticker value by {@code time} in {@code timeUnit}. */
  @SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // should accept a java.time.Duration
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public FakeTicker advance(long time, TimeUnit timeUnit) {
    return advance(timeUnit.toNanos(time));
  }

  /** Advances the ticker value by {@code nanoseconds}. */

This stacking behavior ensures that middlewares are executed in a predictable and controllable order.

## Other middlewares { #other-middlewares }

You can later read more about other middlewares in the [Advanced User Guide: Advanced Middleware](../advanced/middleware.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

///

## Changing the default { #changing-the-default }

Navigate to **Services** -> **Hive** -> **CONFIGS**-> **ADVANCED** as shown below

![hive-config](https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/bigdata/images/image10.png?raw=true "hive advanced config")

Navigate to “**Custom hive-site**” to configure MinIO parameters for `_s3a_` connector

![hive-config](https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/bigdata/images/image11.png?raw=true "hive advanced config")

  private volatile long autoIncrementStepNanos;

  /** Advances the ticker value by {@code time} in {@code timeUnit}. */
  @SuppressWarnings("GoodTime") // should accept a java.time.Duration
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public FakeTicker advance(long time, TimeUnit timeUnit) {
    return advance(timeUnit.toNanos(time));
  }

  /** Advances the ticker value by {@code nanoseconds}. */

# Расширенная безопасность { #advanced-security }

## Дополнительные возможности { #additional-features }

Есть дополнительные возможности для работы с безопасностью помимо тех, что описаны в [Учебник — Руководство пользователя: Безопасность](../../tutorial/security/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

/// tip | Совет

Следующие разделы **не обязательно являются «продвинутыми»**.

# Fortgeschrittene Sicherheit { #advanced-security }

## Zusatzfunktionen { #additional-features }

Neben den in [Tutorial – Benutzerhandbuch: Sicherheit](../../tutorial/security/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank} behandelten Funktionen gibt es noch einige zusätzliche Funktionen zur Handhabung der Sicherheit.

/// tip | Tipp

Die nächsten Abschnitte sind **nicht unbedingt „fortgeschritten“**.