* that conversion is safe.
   *
   * <p>This method is intended to help with usages of type parameters that have {@linkplain
   * ParametricNullness parametric nullness}. If a type parameter instead ranges over only non-null
   * types (or if the type is a non-variable type, like {@code String}), then code should almost
   * never use this method, preferring instead to call {@code requireNonNull} so as to benefit from

   * that conversion is safe.
   *
   * <p>This method is intended to help with usages of type parameters that have {@linkplain
   * ParametricNullness parametric nullness}. If a type parameter instead ranges over only non-null
   * types (or if the type is a non-variable type, like {@code String}), then code should almost
   * never use this method, preferring instead to call {@code requireNonNull} so as to benefit from

        String result = XmlUtil.stripInvalidXMLCharacters(input);
        assertEquals("TestValidText", result);
    }

    public void test_stripInvalidXMLCharacters_validRanges() {
        // Test valid character ranges
        String input = "Test" + String.valueOf((char) 0x0020) // space
                + String.valueOf((char) 0x0009) // tab
                + String.valueOf((char) 0x000A) // line feed

     * <p>
     * This method fetches character mapping items with pagination support and updates
     * the pager with the current page information including total count and page ranges.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param dictId the dictionary ID to retrieve character mappings from
     * @param charMappingPager the pager object containing pagination parameters

    /**
     * Test round‑trip encoding/decoding of ranges using the public
     * {@link LockingAndXRange} encode/decode methods.
     */
    @Test
    void lockRangeEncodeDecodeRoundTrip() throws Exception {
        LockingAndXRange range = new LockingAndXRange(false);
        setField(range, "pid", 99);
        setField(range, "byteOffset", 123456L);
        setField(range, "lengthInBytes", 654321L);

            assertTrue(ex.getMessage().contains("signing key"));
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("initSecContext throws on invalid ranges")
        void testInitSecContextInvalidRanges() {
            DummySSPContext ctx = new DummySSPContext(new byte[] { 1 }, false, null, null, 0, false);
            byte[] buf = new byte[] { 1, 2, 3 };

   * can be useful when escaping additional characters.
   *
   * @param safeChars a non-null string specifying additional safe characters for this escaper (the
   *     ranges 0..9, a..z and A..Z are always safe and should not be specified here)
   * @param plusForSpace true if ASCII space should be escaped to {@code +} rather than {@code %20}

  /** Converts a Range to a GeneralRange. */
  @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") // https://github.com/google/guava/issues/989
  static <T extends Comparable> GeneralRange<T> from(Range<T> range) {
    T lowerEndpoint = range.hasLowerBound() ? range.lowerEndpoint() : null;
    BoundType lowerBoundType = range.hasLowerBound() ? range.lowerBoundType() : OPEN;

    T upperEndpoint = range.hasUpperBound() ? range.upperEndpoint() : null;

  @GwtIncompatible // java.math.BigInteger
  public void testMean() {
    // Odd-sized ranges have an obvious mean
    assertMean(2, 1, 3);

    assertMean(-2, -3, -1);
    assertMean(0, -1, 1);
    assertMean(1, -1, 3);
    assertMean((1 << 30) - 1, -1, Integer.MAX_VALUE);

    // Even-sized ranges should prefer the lower mean
    assertMean(2, 1, 4);
    assertMean(-3, -4, -1);
    assertMean(0, -1, 2);

        // Then - This is a request, so it doesn't read from wire
        assertEquals(0, bytesRead);
    }

    @ParameterizedTest
    @DisplayName("Should generate correct dialects for version ranges")
    @MethodSource("provideVersionRanges")
    void testDialectGenerationForVersionRanges(DialectVersion min, DialectVersion max, int[] expectedDialects) {
        // Given