# CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)

<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/CORS" class="external-link" target="_blank">CORS ou "Cross-Origin Resource Sharing"</a> refere-se às situações em que um frontend rodando em um navegador possui um código JavaScript que se comunica com um backend, e o backend está em uma "origem" diferente do frontend.

## Origem

import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeMap;

/**
 * Standard implementation of {@link Network} that supports the options supplied by {@link
 * NetworkBuilder}.
 *
 * <p>This class maintains a map of nodes to {@link NetworkConnections}. This class also maintains a
 * map of edges to reference nodes. The reference node is defined to be the edge's source node on
 * directed graphs, and an arbitrary endpoint of the edge on undirected graphs.
 *

import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeMap;

/**
 * Standard implementation of {@link Network} that supports the options supplied by {@link
 * NetworkBuilder}.
 *
 * <p>This class maintains a map of nodes to {@link NetworkConnections}. This class also maintains a
 * map of edges to reference nodes. The reference node is defined to be the edge's source node on
 * directed graphs, and an arbitrary endpoint of the edge on undirected graphs.
 *

/**
 * @author shinsuke
 *
 */
public class FileSystemClientTest extends PlainTestCase {
    public FileSystemClient fsClient;

    @Override
    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
        super.setUp();
        StandardCrawlerContainer container = new StandardCrawlerContainer().singleton("mimeTypeHelper", MimeTypeHelperImpl.class)//
                .singleton("fsClient", FileSystemClient.class);

from enum import Enum

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


class Tags(Enum):
    items = "items"
    users = "users"


@app.get("/items/", tags=[Tags.items])
async def get_items():
    return ["Portal gun", "Plumbus"]


@app.get("/users/", tags=[Tags.users])
async def read_users():

```Python hl_lines="6"
{!../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial010.py!}
```

그리고 역시나 모든 에디터 도움을 받게 되겠죠.

<img src="/img/python-types/image06.png">

## Pydantic 모델

<a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic</a>은 데이터 검증(Validation)을 위한 파이썬 라이브러리입니다.

당신은 속성들을 포함한 클래스 형태로 "모양(shape)"을 선언할 수 있습니다.

그리고 각 속성은 타입을 가지고 있습니다.

import org.codelibs.core.log.Logger;

/**
 * {@link java.util.zip.ZipInputStream}を扱うユーティリティクラスです。
 *
 * @author koichik
 */
public abstract class ZipInputStreamUtil {

    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(ZipInputStreamUtil.class);

    /**
     * {@link ZipInputStream#getNextEntry()}の例外処理をラップするメソッドです。
     *
     * @param zis
     *            {@link ZipInputStream}。{@literal null}であってはいけません

但有时，我们也需要直接访问 `Request` 对象。

## `Request` 对象的细节

实际上，**FastAPI** 的底层是 **Starlette**，**FastAPI** 只不过是在  **Starlette** 顶层提供了一些工具，所以能直接使用 Starlette 的  <a href="https://www.starlette.io/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request`</a> 对象。

但直接从 `Request` 对象提取数据时（例如，读取请求体），**FastAPI** 不会验证、转换和存档数据（为 API 文档使用 OpenAPI）。

不过，仍可以验证、转换与注释（使用 Pydantic 模型的请求体等）其它正常声明的参数。

但在某些特定情况下，还是需要提取 `Request` 对象。

    * Pydantic также позволяет представить его как "Кодировку разницы во времени ISO 8601", <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/serialization/#json_encoders" class="external-link" target="_blank">см. документацию для получения дополнительной информации</a>.
* `frozenset`:
    * В запросах и ответах обрабатывается так же, как и `set`:

Semua blok-blok kode dapat disalin dan digunakan langsung (Mereka semua sebenarnya adalah file python yang sudah teruji).

Untuk menjalankan setiap contoh, salin kode ke file `main.py`, dan jalankan `uvicorn` dengan:

<div class="termy">

```console
$ uvicorn main:app --reload

<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>:     Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)