} else if ref.PrimaryValue != "" {
				conds = append(conds, clause.Eq{
					Column: clause.Column{Table: rel.JoinTable.Table, Name: ref.ForeignKey.DBName},
					Value:  ref.PrimaryValue,
				})
			} else {
				conds = append(conds, clause.Eq{
					Column: clause.Column{Table: rel.JoinTable.Table, Name: ref.ForeignKey.DBName},
					Value:  clause.Column{Table: rel.FieldSchema.Table, Name: ref.PrimaryKey.DBName},
				})
			}
		}

			if idx > 0 {
				builder.WriteByte(',')
			}

			builder.WriteQuoted(column.Column)
			if column.Desc {
				builder.WriteString(" DESC")
			}
		}
	}
}

// MergeClause merge order by clauses
func (orderBy OrderBy) MergeClause(clause *Clause) {
	if v, ok := clause.Expression.(OrderBy); ok {
		for i := len(orderBy.Columns) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
			if orderBy.Columns[i].Reorder {

		curTime := stmt.DB.NowFunc()
		stmt.AddClause(clause.Set{{Column: clause.Column{Name: sd.Field.DBName}, Value: curTime}})
		stmt.SetColumn(sd.Field.DBName, curTime, true)

		if stmt.Schema != nil {
			_, queryValues := schema.GetIdentityFieldValuesMap(stmt.Context, stmt.ReflectValue, stmt.Schema.PrimaryFields)
			column, values := schema.ToQueryValues(stmt.Table, stmt.Schema.PrimaryFieldDBNames, queryValues)

	// Filter field, and within it, an optional Prefix field.
	// See https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/API_PutBucketLifecycleConfiguration.html
	// A valid rule could be a pre-existing one created using the now deprecated PutBucketLifecycle.
	// Or, a valid rule could also be either a pre-existing or a new rule that is created using PutBucketLifecycleConfiguration.

		return 0, auth.ErrInvalidDuration
	}
	return dur, nil
}

// ParsesAsDN determines if the given string could be a valid DN based on
// parsing alone.
func (l Config) ParsesAsDN(dn string) bool {
	_, err := ldap.ParseDN(dn)
	return err == nil
}

// IsLDAPUserDN determines if the given string could be a user DN from LDAP.
func (l Config) IsLDAPUserDN(user string) bool {
	udn, err := ldap.ParseDN(user)

		if !ok {
			return 0, errCastFailure("could not parse as int")
		}
		return res, nil
	case []byte:
		// Parse as number, truncate floating point if
		// needed.
		// String might contain trimming spaces, which
		// needs to be trimmed.
		res, ok := strToInt(strings.TrimSpace(string(x)))
		if !ok {
			return 0, errCastFailure("could not parse as int")
		}
		return res, nil

	default:

		"`User__Company`.*":  {"User__Company", "*"},
		`"User__Company".*`:  {"User__Company", "*"},
		`"table"."*"`:        {"", ""},
	} {
		if table, column := matchName(k); table != v[0] || column != v[1] {
			t.Errorf("failed to match value: %v, got %v, expect: %v", k, []string{table, column}, v)
		}
	}

        stale-issue-message: "This issue has been marked as invalid question, please give more information by following the `Question` template, if you believe there is a bug of GORM, please create a pull request that could reproduce the issue on [https://github.com/go-gorm/playground](https://github.com/go-gorm/playground), the issue will be closed in 30 days if no further activity occurs. most likely your question already answered https://github.com/go-gorm/gorm/issues...

2) Furthermore, text surrounded by `«««` and `»»»` is a BLOCK OF LITERAL TEXT which spans multiple lines. To get its content, dedent all lines of the block until the `«««` and `»»»` are at column zero, then remove the newline (`\n`) after the `«««` and the newline before the `»»»`. The `«««` and the `»»»` are not part of the literal text block, they are the meta characters denoting it.

</blockquote>

## Investigation { #investigation }

By using all the previous alternatives I had the chance to learn from all of them, take ideas, and combine them in the best way I could find for myself and the teams of developers I have worked with.

For example, it was clear that ideally it should be based on standard Python type hints.

Also, the best approach was to use already existing standards.