* features}, the features supported by the iterator; and {@code expectedElements}, the elements the
 * iterator should return in order.
 *
 * <p>The items in {@code elementsToInsert} will be repeated if {@code steps} is larger than the
 * number of provided elements.
 *
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullMarked
public abstract class ListIteratorTester<E extends @Nullable Object>

This is due to Java's use of reflection and the need to maintain a lot of metadata.

- **Size of Serialized Data:**
Java serialization tends to produce larger serialized objects because it includes class metadata and other overhead.

- **Flexibility and Control:**

### `scope` { #scope }

La especificación también indica que el cliente puede enviar otro campo del formulario llamado "`scope`".

El nombre del campo del formulario es `scope` (en singular), pero en realidad es un string largo con "scopes" separados por espacios.

Cada "scope" es simplemente un string (sin espacios).

Normalmente se utilizan para declarar permisos de seguridad específicos, por ejemplo:

 * features}, the features supported by the iterator; and {@code expectedElements}, the elements the
 * iterator should return in order.
 *
 * <p>The items in {@code elementsToInsert} will be repeated if {@code steps} is larger than the
 * number of provided elements.
 *
 * @author Chris Povirk
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullMarked
public abstract class ListIteratorTester<E extends @Nullable Object>

   *
   * @param element the element to prepend to the front of {@code array}
   * @param array the array of elements to append
   * @return an array whose size is one larger than {@code array}, with {@code element} occupying
   *     the first position, and the elements of {@code array} occupying the remaining elements.
   */

Wenn die Daten jedoch nicht vorhanden sind, möchten Sie diese erstellen und den HTTP-Statuscode „CREATED“ `201` zurückgeben.

Sie möchten aber dennoch in der Lage sein, die von Ihnen zurückgegebenen Daten mit einem `response_model` zu filtern und zu konvertieren.

In diesen Fällen können Sie einen `Response`-Parameter verwenden.

Vamos a empezar desde donde lo dejamos en el capítulo anterior e incrementarlo.

## Acerca de JWT { #about-jwt }

JWT significa "JSON Web Tokens".

Es un estándar para codificar un objeto JSON en un string largo y denso sin espacios. Se ve así:

```
eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJzdWIiOiIxMjM0NTY3ODkwIiwibmFtZSI6IkpvaG4gRG9lIiwiaWF0IjoxNTE2MjM5MDIyfQ.SflKxwRJSMeKKF2QT4fwpMeJf36POk6yJV_adQssw5c
```

   *
   * @param element the element to prepend to the front of {@code array}
   * @param array the array of elements to append
   * @return an array whose size is one larger than {@code array}, with {@code element} occupying
   *     the first position, and the elements of {@code array} occupying the remaining elements.
   */

   * map of public suffixes. The encoded trie string may be broken into multiple chunks to avoid the
   * 64k limit on string literal size. In-memory strings can be much larger (2G).
   */
  static ImmutableMap<String, PublicSuffixType> parseTrie(CharSequence... encodedChunks) {
    String encoded = DIRECT_JOINER.join(encodedChunks);
    return parseFullString(encoded);
  }

	//
	// While this format is compatible with most tar readers,
	// the format has several limitations making it unsuitable for some usages.
	// Most notably, it cannot support sparse files, files larger than 8GiB,
	// filenames larger than 256 characters, and non-ASCII filenames.
	//
	// Reference:
	//	http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/pax.html#tag_20_92_13_06
	FormatUSTAR