import java.util.List;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * A readable source of characters, such as a text file. Unlike a {@link Reader}, a {@code
 * CharSource} is not an open, stateful stream of characters that can be read and closed. Instead,
 * it is an immutable <i>supplier</i> of {@code Reader} instances.
 *
 * <p>{@code CharSource} provides two kinds of methods:
 *

func errLexerInvalidChar(err error) *s3Error {
	return &s3Error{
		code:       "LexerInvalidChar",
		message:    "The SQL expression contains an invalid character.",
		statusCode: 400,
		cause:      err,
	}
}

func errLexerInvalidOperator(err error) *s3Error {
	return &s3Error{
		code:       "LexerInvalidOperator",

func (target *MQTTTarget) init() error {
	return target.initOnce.Do(target.initMQTT)
}

func (target *MQTTTarget) initMQTT() error {
	args := target.args

	// Using hex here, to make sure we avoid 23
	// character limit on client_id according to
	// MQTT spec.
	clientID := fmt.Sprintf("%x", time.Now().UnixNano())

	options := mqtt.NewClientOptions().
		SetClientID(clientID).
		SetCleanSession(true).

        String str = info.toString();

        // Verify type is displayed as hex
        assertNotNull(str);
        assertTrue(str.contains("type=0x"));
        // The type should be formatted as 8-character hex
        String expectedHex = String.format("%08x", type);
        assertTrue(str.toLowerCase().contains(expectedHex));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test with empty strings")

    }

    /**
     * Encodes a URL by encoding non-URL-safe characters.
     * Uses the request's character encoding if available, otherwise defaults to UTF-8.
     * Only encodes characters that are not considered URL-safe according to CharUtil.
     *
     * @param url the URL to encode
     * @return the encoded URL with non-URL-safe characters properly encoded
     */
    public static String encodeUrl(final String url) {

        assertTrue(result.contains("nextEntry="));
        assertTrue(result.contains("action="));
        assertTrue(result.contains("file=" + fileName));
        // Hexdump.toHexString produces 4-character padded uppercase hex
        String expectedHex = String.format("%04X", action);
        assertTrue(result.contains("0x" + expectedHex));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test toString with empty object")

    }

    @Test
    public void test_causeChainPropagation() {
        // Setup - create a chain of exceptions
        final IllegalArgumentException rootCause = new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid character in query");
        final IllegalStateException middleCause = new IllegalStateException("Query parser state error", rootCause);
        final String message = "Query processing failed";

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should handle special characters in delimiter")
    void testJoinWithSpecialCharDelimiter() {
        String result = StringUtil.join("\\t", "tab", "separated", "values");
        assertEquals("tab\\tseparated\\tvalues", result);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should handle Unicode characters in delimiter")
    void testJoinWithUnicodeDelimiter() {

		i += size
		// Officially, ZIP uses CP-437, but many readers use the system's
		// local character encoding. Most encoding are compatible with a large
		// subset of CP-437, which itself is ASCII-like.
		//
		// Forbid 0x7e and 0x5c since EUC-KR and Shift-JIS replace those
		// characters with localized currency and overline characters.
		if r < 0x20 || r > 0x7d || r == 0x5c {

 *
 * b2b3s2 is the offset into the ranges data. It is shifted by 2 because ranges are 4-byte aligned.
 *
 * Mappings Data (4,719 bytes)
 * ===========================
 *
 * This is UTF-8 character data. It is indexed into by b2b3 in the ranges dataset.
 *
 * Mappings may overlap.
 *
 * ASCII-Only
 * ==========
 *
 * Neither the section index nor the ranges data use bit 0x80 anywhere. That means the data is