*
 * <h3>Common ways to use</h3>
 *
 * <p>Getting a converter:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>Use a provided converter implementation, such as {@link Enums#stringConverter}, {@link
 *       com.google.common.primitives.Ints#stringConverter Ints.stringConverter} or the {@linkplain
 *       #reverse reverse} views of these.
 *   <li>Convert between specific preset values using {@link

    List<Integer> ints = Arrays.asList(0, 1, 2);
    List<Float> floats = Arrays.asList(0.0f, 1.0f, 2.0f);
    List<Long> longs = Arrays.asList(0L, 1L, 2L);
    List<Double> doubles = Arrays.asList(0.0, 1.0, 2.0);

    assertThat(Doubles.toArray(bytes)).isEqualTo(array);
    assertThat(Doubles.toArray(shorts)).isEqualTo(array);
    assertThat(Doubles.toArray(ints)).isEqualTo(array);

    List<Integer> ints = Arrays.asList(0, 1, 2);
    List<Float> floats = Arrays.asList(0.0f, 1.0f, 2.0f);
    List<Long> longs = Arrays.asList(0L, 1L, 2L);
    List<Double> doubles = Arrays.asList(0.0, 1.0, 2.0);

    assertThat(Longs.toArray(bytes)).isEqualTo(array);
    assertThat(Longs.toArray(shorts)).isEqualTo(array);
    assertThat(Longs.toArray(ints)).isEqualTo(array);

    List<Integer> ints = Arrays.asList(0, 1, 2);
    List<Float> floats = Arrays.asList(0.0f, 1.0f, 2.0f);
    List<Long> longs = Arrays.asList(0L, 1L, 2L);
    List<Double> doubles = Arrays.asList(0.0, 1.0, 2.0);

    assertThat(Shorts.toArray(bytes)).isEqualTo(array);
    assertThat(Shorts.toArray(shorts)).isEqualTo(array);
    assertThat(Shorts.toArray(ints)).isEqualTo(array);

 *  Fix: Don't infinite loop when a received web socket message has self-terminating compressed
    data.

 *  Fix: Don't fail the call when the response code is ‘HTTP 102 Processing’ or ‘HTTP 103 Early
    Hints’.

 *  Fix: Honor interceptors' changes to connect and read timeouts.

 *  Fix: Recover gracefully when a cached response is corrupted on disk.

 *  Fix: Don't leak file handles when a cache disk write fails.

Remember I told you before that `Annotated` can be used to add metadata to your parameters in the [Python Types Intro](../python-types.md#type-hints-with-metadata-annotations){.internal-link target=_blank}?

Now it's the time to use it with FastAPI. 🚀

We had this type annotation:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python
q: str | None = None
```

# Einführung in Python-Typen

Python hat Unterstützung für optionale „Typhinweise“ (Englisch: „Type Hints“). Auch „Typ Annotationen“ genannt.

Diese **„Typhinweise“** oder -Annotationen sind eine spezielle Syntax, die es erlaubt, den <abbr title="Zum Beispiel: str, int, float, bool">Typ</abbr> einer Variablen zu deklarieren.

Durch das Deklarieren von Typen für Ihre Variablen können Editoren und Tools bessere Unterstützung bieten.

        SessionServicePacket.writeInt2(0x1234, dst, 0);

        assertEquals((byte) 0x12, dst[0]);
        assertEquals((byte) 0x34, dst[1]);
    }

    @ParameterizedTest
    @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 1, 255, 256, 32767, 65535 })
    @DisplayName("writeInt2 should handle various values")
    void testWriteInt2Various(int value) {
        byte[] dst = new byte[4];
        SessionServicePacket.writeInt2(value, dst, 0);

            assertEquals(4, decodedSize);
            assertEquals(0, context.getHashAlgos().length);
            assertEquals(0, context.getSalt().length);
        }

        @ParameterizedTest
        @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 1, 3, 5, 10 })
        @DisplayName("Should calculate size correctly for different hash algo counts")
        void testSizeCalculation(int hashAlgoCount) {
            // Arrange

    List<Integer> ints = Arrays.asList(0, 1, 2);
    List<Float> floats = Arrays.asList(0.0f, 1.0f, 2.0f);
    List<Long> longs = Arrays.asList(0L, 1L, 2L);
    List<Double> doubles = Arrays.asList(0.0, 1.0, 2.0);

    assertThat(Floats.toArray(bytes)).isEqualTo(array);
    assertThat(Floats.toArray(shorts)).isEqualTo(array);
    assertThat(Floats.toArray(ints)).isEqualTo(array);