But adding the type annotations will allow your editor to give you better support and detect errors.

///

## Without Pydantic { #without-pydantic }

        if (offset + SIGNATURE_OFFSET + SIGNATURE_LENGTH > data.length) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Signature field exceeds data buffer size");
        }

        // Use fine-grained locking for better concurrency
        this.signingLock.lock();
        try {
            if (this.closed) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("SigningDigest is closed");
            }

Ici, avec `ge=1`, `item_id` devra être un nombre entier "`g`reater than or `e`qual" à `1`.

{* ../../docs_src/path_params_numeric_validations/tutorial004_an_py39.py hl[10] *}

## Validations numériques : supérieur ou égal et inférieur ou égal

La même chose s'applique pour :

* `gt` : `g`reater `t`han
* `le` : `l`ess than or `e`qual

this change should be automatic.

**MockWebServer has a new coordinate and package name.** We didn’t like that our old artifact
depends on JUnit 4 so the new one doesn’t. It also has a better API built on immutable values. (We
intend to continue publishing the old `okhttp3.mockwebserver` artifact so there’s no urgency to
migrate.)

            * **FastAPI** adds a reference here to the global JSON Schemas in another place in your OpenAPI instead of including it directly. This way, other applications and clients can use those JSON Schemas directly, provide better code generation tools, etc.

///

The generated responses in the OpenAPI for this *path operation* will be:

```JSON hl_lines="3-12"
{
    "responses": {
        "404": {

Eso define los metadatos sobre el response principal de una *path operation*.

También puedes declarar responses adicionales con sus modelos, códigos de estado, etc.

Hay un capítulo entero en la documentación sobre ello, puedes leerlo en [Responses Adicionales en OpenAPI](additional-responses.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

## OpenAPI Extra

If you're in a tricky situation and prepared to deal with the consequences, rewriting response headers is a powerful way to work around problems. For example, you can fix a server's misconfigured `Cache-Control` response header to enable better response caching:

```java
/** Dangerous interceptor that rewrites the server's cache-control header. */
private static final Interceptor REWRITE_CACHE_CONTROL_INTERCEPTOR = new Interceptor() {

	}
	for _, relations := range embeddedRelations.EmbeddedRelations {
		names = append(names, embeddedValues(relations)...)
	}
	return names
}

// preloadEntryPoint enters layer by layer. It will call real preload if it finds the right entry point.
// If the current relationship is embedded or joined, current query will be ignored.
//
//nolint:cyclop

And these models are all sharing a lot of the data and duplicating attribute names and types.

We could do better.

We can declare a `UserBase` model that serves as a base for our other models. And then we can make subclasses of that model that inherit its attributes (type declarations, validation, etc).

These **"type hints"** or annotations are a special syntax that allow declaring the <abbr title="for example: str, int, float, bool">type</abbr> of a variable.

By declaring types for your variables, editors and tools can give you better support.

This is just a **quick tutorial / refresher** about Python type hints. It covers only the minimum necessary to use them with **FastAPI**... which is actually very little.