* @throws NullPointerException if {@code string} is null
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code string} contains badly formed UTF-16 or cannot be
   *     escaped for any other reason
   */
  public abstract String escape(String string);

  private final Function<String, String> asFunction = this::escape;

  /** Returns a {@link Function} that invokes {@link #escape(String)} on this escaper. */

        return (artifact != null) ? copyArtifact(artifact) : null;
    }

    public static Artifact copyArtifact(Artifact artifact) {
        VersionRange range = artifact.getVersionRange();

        // For some reason with the introduction of MNG-1577 we have the case in Yoko where a depMan section has
        // something like the following:
        //
        // <dependencyManagement>
        //     <dependencies>

				"Birthday", "CompanyID", "ManagerID", "Active")
		}
	})
}

func tidbSkip(t *testing.T, reason string) {
	if isTiDB() {
		t.Skipf("This test case skipped, because of TiDB '%s'", reason)
	}
}

func isTiDB() bool {
	return os.Getenv("GORM_DIALECT") == "tidb"
}

func isMysql() bool {
	return os.Getenv("GORM_DIALECT") == "mysql"
}

# Advanced Python Types { #advanced-python-types }

Here are some additional ideas that might be useful when working with Python types.

## Using `Union` or `Optional` { #using-union-or-optional }

If your code for some reason can't use `|`, for example if it's not in a type annotation but in something like `response_model=`, instead of using the vertical bar (`|`) you can use `Union` from `typing`.

   * would be the right tool for the job here: {@code @Nullable} is the annotation that we're trying
   * to get rid of, and {@code @NonNull} would be wrong for our use case for the same reason as
   * {@code requireNonNull}: Our use case is the one in which {@code T} has parametric nullness—and
   * thus its value may be legitimately {@code null}.)
   */
  @ParametricNullness
  @SuppressWarnings("nullness")

   * would be the right tool for the job here: {@code @Nullable} is the annotation that we're trying
   * to get rid of, and {@code @NonNull} would be wrong for our use case for the same reason as
   * {@code requireNonNull}: Our use case is the one in which {@code T} has parametric nullness—and
   * thus its value may be legitimately {@code null}.)
   */
  @ParametricNullness
  @SuppressWarnings("nullness")

          trigger-phrase: '.*run\W+elasticsearch-ci/{pr-job}.*'
          github-hooks: true
          status-context: elasticsearch-ci/{pr-job}
          cancel-builds-on-update: true
          excluded-regions:
            - ^docs/.*
          black-list-labels:
            - '>test-mute'
    builders:
      - inject:
          properties-file: '.ci/java-versions.properties'
          properties-content: |

 "Software"), to  deal in  the Software without  restriction, including
 without limitation  the rights to  use, copy, modify,  merge, publish,
 distribute,  sublicense, and/or sell  copies of  the Software,  and to
 permit persons to whom the Software  is furnished to do so, subject to
 the following conditions:

 The  above  copyright  notice  and  this permission  notice  shall  be
 included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

          github-hooks: true
          status-context: elasticsearch-ci/part-2-fips
          cancel-builds-on-update: true
          black-list-target-branches:
            - 6.8
          excluded-regions:
            - ^docs/.*
          white-list-labels:
            - 'Team:Security'
          black-list-labels:
            - '>test-mute'
    builders:
      - inject:

So, you can use `user_agent` as you normally would in Python code, instead of needing to capitalize the first letters as `User_Agent` or something similar.

If for some reason you need to disable automatic conversion of underscores to hyphens, set the parameter `convert_underscores` of `Header` to `False`:

{* ../../docs_src/header_params/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[10] *}

/// warning