void testReadSetupWireFormatVariousParams() {
        // Test with different buffer sizes and offsets
        int[][] testCases = { { 0, 50 }, // No offset, 50 bytes
                { 10, 90 }, // 10 byte offset, 90 bytes
                { 50, 50 }, // 50 byte offset, 50 bytes
                { 0, 0 }, // Empty buffer
                { 100, 100 } // Large values
        };

        for (int[] testCase : testCases) {

  /** Private constructor for built-in DiscreteDomains supporting fast offset. */
  private DiscreteDomain(boolean supportsFastOffset) {
    this.supportsFastOffset = supportsFastOffset;
  }

  /**
   * Returns, conceptually, "origin + distance", or equivalently, the result of calling {@link
   * #next} on {@code origin} {@code distance} times.
   */
  C offset(C origin, long distance) {
    C current = origin;

        response.setDataCount(infoData.length);

        int bytesRead = response.readDataWireFormat(buffer, offset, buffer.length - offset);

        assertTrue(bytesRead > 0);
        assertNotNull(response.getInfo());
    }

    // Helper methods to create mock buffers for different file information types

    private byte[] createMockFileBasicInfoBuffer() {

    session.commit()
    session.refresh(hero)
    return hero


@app.get("/heroes/")
def read_heroes(
    session: SessionDep,
    offset: int = 0,
    limit: Annotated[int, Query(le=100)] = 100,
) -> list[Hero]:
    heroes = session.exec(select(Hero).offset(offset).limit(limit)).all()
    return heroes


@app.get("/heroes/{hero_id}")
def read_hero(hero_id: int, session: SessionDep) -> Hero:

        @Override
        public int getOffset() {
            if (offset != -1) {
                return offset;
            }

            final String value = request.getParameter("offset");
            if (StringUtil.isBlank(value)) {
                offset = 0;
            } else {
                try {
                    offset = Integer.parseInt(value);

    return 0;
  }

  @Override
  int internalArrayEnd() {
    return elements.length;
  }

  @Override
  int copyIntoArray(@Nullable Object[] dst, int offset) {
    arraycopy(elements, 0, dst, offset, elements.length);
    return offset + elements.length;
  }

  @Override
  ImmutableList<E> createAsList() {
    return (table.length == 0) ? ImmutableList.of() : new RegularImmutableAsList<>(this, elements);

        assertEquals(0, ndrBuffer.index);
        assertEquals(0, ndrBuffer.length);
        assertSame(ndrBuffer, ndrBuffer.deferred);
        assertSame(buffer, ndrBuffer.buf);

        // Test with a different start offset
        NdrBuffer offsetBuffer = new NdrBuffer(buffer, 10);
        assertEquals(10, offsetBuffer.start);
        assertEquals(10, offsetBuffer.index);
        assertEquals(0, offsetBuffer.length);
    }

    @Test

                            {
                                "name": "offset",
                                "in": "query",
                                "required": False,
                                "schema": {
                                    "type": "integer",
                                    "default": 0,
                                    "title": "Offset",
                                },
                            },

internal fun checkOffsetAndCount(
  arrayLength: Long,
  offset: Long,
  count: Long,
) {
  if (offset or count < 0L || offset > arrayLength || arrayLength - offset < count) {
    throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException("length=$arrayLength, offset=$offset, count=$offset")
  }
}

internal fun <T> interleave(
  a: Iterable<T>,
  b: Iterable<T>,
): List<T> {

    private String readString(byte[] buffer, int offset, int maxLength) {
        int length = 0;
        for (int i = offset; i < offset + maxLength && i < buffer.length; i++) {
            if (buffer[i] == 0) {
                break;
            }
            length++;
        }
        return new String(buffer, offset, length);
    }