Exception level1 = new Exception("Level 1: Authentication service error", level2);
        SsoProcessException topLevel = new SsoProcessException("SSO process failed", level1);

        // Verify the chain
        assertEquals("SSO process failed", topLevel.getMessage());
        assertEquals(level1, topLevel.getCause());
        assertEquals("Level 1: Authentication service error", topLevel.getCause().getMessage());

  @Nullable ValueReference<K, V> getValueReference();

  /** Sets the value reference for this entry. */
  void setValueReference(ValueReference<K, V> valueReference);

  /** Returns the next entry in the chain. */
  @Nullable ReferenceEntry<K, V> getNext();

  /** Returns the entry's hash. */
  int getHash();

  /** Returns the key for this entry. */
  @Nullable K getKey();

  /*

    private byte[] blob = null;

    /**
     * Constructs a session setup AndX response.
     *
     * @param config the configuration to use
     * @param andx the next command in the AndX chain, or null
     */
    public SmbComSessionSetupAndXResponse(final Configuration config, final ServerMessageBlock andx) {
        super(config, andx);
    }

    /**

   */
  abstract fun <T : Any> plus(
    key: KClass<T>,
    value: T?,
  ): Tags

  abstract operator fun <T : Any> get(key: KClass<T>): T?
}

/** An empty tags. This is always the tail of a [LinkedTags] chain. */
internal object EmptyTags : Tags() {
  override fun <T : Any> plus(
    key: KClass<T>,
    value: T?,
  ): Tags =
    when {
      value != null -> LinkedTags(key, value, this)
      else -> this
    }

   * Contains the logical entries, in the range of [0, size()). The high 32 bits of each long is the
   * smeared hash of the element, whereas the low 32 bits is the "next" pointer (pointing to the
   * next entry in the bucket chain). The pointers in [size(), entries.length) are all "null"
   * (UNSET).
   */
  @VisibleForTesting transient long[] entries;

  /** The load factor. */
  private transient float loadFactor;

    /**
     * Creates a new SMB1 logoff request to end a user session.
     *
     * @param config the CIFS configuration
     * @param andx the next command in the AndX chain, or null
     */
    public SmbComLogoffAndX(final Configuration config, final ServerMessageBlock andx) {
        super(config, SMB_COM_LOGOFF_ANDX, andx);
    }

    @Override

    firstException = expected;
    // Second time should also fail, with a cached causal chain.
    expected = assertThrows(PotentialDeadlockException.class, () -> lockA.lock());
    checkMessage(expected, "LockB -> LockA", "LockA -> LockB");
    // The causal chain should be cached.
    assertThat(expected.getCause()).isEqualTo(firstException.getCause());
    // lockA should work after lockB is released.

    firstException = expected;
    // Second time should also fail, with a cached causal chain.
    expected = assertThrows(PotentialDeadlockException.class, () -> lockA.lock());
    checkMessage(expected, "LockB -> LockA", "LockA -> LockB");
    // The causal chain should be cached.
    assertThat(expected.getCause()).isEqualTo(firstException.getCause());
    // lockA should work after lockB is released.

        queue.offer(event);
        if (size.incrementAndGet() > maxBufferSize) {
            if (queue.poll() != null) {
                size.decrementAndGet();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Drains all events from the buffer and returns them as a list.
     *
     * @return a list of all buffered events
     */
    public List<LogNotificationEvent> drainAll() {

        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertEquals(complexMessageCode, exception.getMessageCode());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_causeChainPropagation() {
        // Setup - create a chain of exceptions
        final IllegalArgumentException rootCause = new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid character in query");