}

    static int readULong(final byte[] src, final int index) {
        return src[index] & 0xff | (src[index + 1] & 0xff) << 8 | (src[index + 2] & 0xff) << 16 | (src[index + 3] & 0xff) << 24;
    }

    static int readUShort(final byte[] src, final int index) {
        return src[index] & 0xff | (src[index + 1] & 0xff) << 8;
    }

    static byte[] readSecurityBuffer(final byte[] src, final int index) {

        buf[i++] = (byte) ((oidLen >>> 8) & 0xFF);
        buf[i++] = (byte) (oidLen & 0xFF);
        // MECH_OID
        System.arraycopy(oidDer, 0, buf, i, oidLen);
        i += oidLen;
        // NAME_LEN (4 bytes big-endian)
        buf[i++] = (byte) ((nameLen >>> 24) & 0xFF);
        buf[i++] = (byte) ((nameLen >>> 16) & 0xFF);
        buf[i++] = (byte) ((nameLen >>> 8) & 0xFF);
        buf[i++] = (byte) (nameLen & 0xFF);

            NdrShort ndrShort = new NdrShort(inputValue);

            // Then: Value should be masked with 0xFF (lower 8 bits)
            assertEquals(inputValue & 0xFF, ndrShort.value, "Constructor should mask value with 0xFF");
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should handle zero value correctly")
        void testConstructorZero() {
            // Given/When: Creating NdrShort with zero

    }

    @Test
    public void testReadUnsignedInt() throws IOException {
        // Little-endian 0xFFFFFFFF -> 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF
        byte[] data = new byte[] { (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF };
        PacDataInputStream pdis = createInputStream(data);
        assertEquals(0xFFFFFFFFL, pdis.readUnsignedInt());
    }

    @Test

        long decoded = Encdec.dec_uint64le(buffer, 0);

        // Then
        assertEquals(value, decoded);
        assertEquals(0xF0, buffer[0] & 0xFF);
        assertEquals(0xDE, buffer[1] & 0xFF);
        assertEquals(0xBC, buffer[2] & 0xFF);
        assertEquals(0x9A, buffer[3] & 0xFF);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should handle big endian encoding/decoding")
    void testBigEndianOperations() {
        // Given

        buffer[index++] = (byte) (flags & 0xFF);
        buffer[index++] = (byte) ((flags >> 8) & 0xFF);

        // Session ID (8 bytes) - little-endian
        buffer[index++] = (byte) (testSessionId & 0xFF);
        buffer[index++] = (byte) ((testSessionId >> 8) & 0xFF);
        buffer[index++] = (byte) ((testSessionId >> 16) & 0xFF);
        buffer[index++] = (byte) ((testSessionId >> 24) & 0xFF);

        assertArrayEquals(new byte[] { (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF }, dst, "Negative sid should wrap to 0xFFFF");
    }

    @Test
    void testWriteParameterWordsWithOffset() {
        byte[] dst = new byte[5];
        int written = instance.writeParameterWordsWireFormat(dst, 3);
        assertEquals(2, written);
        assertEquals((byte) (TEST_SID & 0xFF), dst[3]);
        assertEquals((byte) ((TEST_SID >> 8) & 0xFF), dst[4]);

     */
    public static int enc_uint32be(final int i, final byte[] dst, int di) {
        dst[di] = (byte) (i >> 24 & 0xFF);
        di++;
        dst[di++] = (byte) (i >> 16 & 0xFF);
        dst[di++] = (byte) (i >> 8 & 0xFF);
        dst[di] = (byte) (i & 0xFF);
        return 4;
    }

    /**
     * Encodes a 16-bit unsigned integer in little-endian byte order.
     *

    val version = fromSource.readByte() and 0xff
    if (version != VERSION_5) throw ProtocolException("unexpected version: $version")

    val command = fromSource.readByte() and 0xff

    val reserved = fromSource.readByte() and 0xff
    if (reserved != 0) throw ProtocolException("unexpected reserved: $reserved")

    val addressType = fromSource.readByte() and 0xff
    val toAddress =
      when (addressType) {

        assertEquals((byte) ((value >> 8) & 0xFF), dst[0]);
        assertEquals((byte) (value & 0xFF), dst[1]);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("writeInt2 with offset should write at correct position")
    void testWriteInt2WithOffset() {
        byte[] dst = new byte[10];
        dst[2] = (byte) 0xFF; // Mark position
        dst[3] = (byte) 0xFF;

        SessionServicePacket.writeInt2(0xABCD, dst, 4);