import org.ietf.jgss.GSSName;
import org.ietf.jgss.Oid;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Nested;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
import org.mockito.Mock;

An instance is created at the start of a Gradle invocation and discarded at the end of that invocation.

The build session state also includes "cross session" state that is shared with any "nested" sessions that need to be created.
This only happens when the `GradleBuild` task is used. You can mostly ignore the distinction between "cross session" and "build session" state.

### Build tree state

import org.gradle.api.GradleException
import org.gradle.api.Project
import org.gradle.api.model.ObjectFactory
import org.gradle.api.provider.Property
import org.gradle.api.provider.Provider
import org.gradle.api.tasks.Nested
import org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskContainer
import org.gradle.util.GradleVersion
import java.util.Optional

/**
 * A project extension which describes a module of a Gradle distribution.
 */

Таким образом, его схема появится в интерфейсе документации API:

<img src="/img/tutorial/dataclasses/image01.png">

## Dataclasses во вложенных структурах данных { #dataclasses-in-nested-data-structures }

Вы также можете комбинировать `dataclasses` с другими аннотациями типов, чтобы создавать вложенные структуры данных.

---

Wenn Sie sich unsicher sind, verwenden Sie einfach `def`.

---

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Nested;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension;
import org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoSettings;

        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructor_withNestedCause() {
        // Test constructor with nested exceptions
        Throwable rootCause = new IllegalStateException("Root cause");
        Throwable intermediateCause = new RuntimeException("Intermediate cause", rootCause);
        String message = "Top level error";

                            return
                        }
                        val outputPrefix = if (file.startsWith("/META-INF/versions")) {
                            // Java 9 multi-release JAR entry, we must keep it nested in the output
                            file.subpath(0, 3).toString()
                        } else {
                            ""
                        }

///

/// note | Hinweis

Beachten Sie, dass das hereinkommende Modell immer noch validiert wird.

Wenn Sie also Teil-Aktualisierungen empfangen wollen, die alle Attribute auslassen können, müssen Sie ein Modell haben, dessen Attribute alle als optional gekennzeichnet sind (mit Defaultwerten oder `None`).

/// note | Nota

`PATCH` es menos usado y conocido que `PUT`.

Y muchos equipos utilizan solo `PUT`, incluso para actualizaciones parciales.

Eres **libre** de usarlos como desees, **FastAPI** no impone ninguna restricción.

Pero esta guía te muestra, más o menos, cómo se pretende que se usen.

///

### Uso del parámetro `exclude_unset` de Pydantic { #using-pydantics-exclude-unset-parameter }