assertEquals(FileNotifyInformation.FILE_ACTION_MODIFIED, modifiedImpl.getAction());
            assertEquals("modified.txt", modifiedImpl.getFileName());
        }
    }

    @Nested
    @DisplayName("Bit Manipulation Tests")
    class BitManipulationTests {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Test combining multiple filter flags")
        void testCombiningFilterFlags() {

            ArgumentCaptor<jcifs.internal.smb1.com.SmbComReadAndX> cap =
                    ArgumentCaptor.forClass(jcifs.internal.smb1.com.SmbComReadAndX.class);

            // Act: choose len so upper/lower 16-bit parts are exercised
            byte[] buf = new byte[0x30000];
            try {
                in.readDirect(buf, 0, 0x12345);
                fail("Expected IOException due to short-circuit");

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test with negative FID value (should handle as unsigned)")
    void testNegativeFidValue() {
        int fid = -1; // Will be treated as 0xFFFF in unsigned 16-bit
        querySecurityDesc = new NtTransQuerySecurityDesc(mockConfig, fid, OWNER_SECURITY_INFORMATION);
        byte[] dst = new byte[10];

        querySecurityDesc.writeParametersWireFormat(dst, 0);

      logger.fine(frameLog(false, streamId, length, type, flags))
    }
    require(length <= maxFrameSize) { "FRAME_SIZE_ERROR length > $maxFrameSize: $length" }
    require(streamId and 0x80000000.toInt() == 0) { "reserved bit set: $streamId" }
    sink.writeMedium(length)
    sink.writeByte(type and 0xff)
    sink.writeByte(flags and 0xff)
    sink.writeInt(streamId and 0x7fffffff)
  }

  @Throws(IOException::class)

It doesn't use a data validation, serialization and documentation third-party library like Pydantic, it has its own. So, these data type definitions would not be reusable as easily.

It requires a little bit more verbose configurations. And as it is based on WSGI (instead of ASGI), it is not designed to take advantage of the high performance provided by tools like Uvicorn, Starlette and Sanic.

        "alphanum_word_filter" : {
          "type" : "alphanum_word",
          "max_token_length" : 20
        },
        "minhash_filter" : {
          "type" : "minhash",
          "seed" : 1,
          "bit" : 2,
          "size" : 64
        },
        "synonym_filter" : {
          "type" : "synonym_graph",
          "synonyms_path": "${fess.dictionary.path}synonym.txt"
        }
      },
      "tokenizer": {

<pre class="grammar">
uint8       the set of all unsigned  8-bit integers (0 to 255)
uint16      the set of all unsigned 16-bit integers (0 to 65535)
uint32      the set of all unsigned 32-bit integers (0 to 4294967295)
uint64      the set of all unsigned 64-bit integers (0 to 18446744073709551615)

int8        the set of all signed  8-bit integers (-128 to 127)
int16       the set of all signed 16-bit integers (-32768 to 32767)

          override fun encode(
            writer: DerWriter,
            value: BigInteger,
          ) = writer.writeBigInteger(value)
        },
    )

  val BIT_STRING =
    BasicDerAdapter(
      name = "BIT STRING",
      tagClass = DerHeader.TAG_CLASS_UNIVERSAL,
      tag = 3L,
      codec =
        object : BasicDerAdapter.Codec<BitString> {
          override fun decode(reader: DerReader): BitString = reader.readBitString()

    /**
     * Decodes a resource change notification message.
     */
    private void decodeResourceChangeMessage(NdrBuffer buf, WitnessNotificationMessage message) throws NdrException {
        // Timestamp (FILETIME - 64-bit)
        long timestamp = buf.dec_ndr_hyper();
        message.setTimestamp(timestamp);

        // Resource name
        String resourceName = decodeWideStringPointer(buf);

Instead of that, by being an "asynchronous" system, once finished, the task can wait in line a little bit (some microseconds) for the computer / program to finish whatever it went to do, and then come back to take the results and continue working with them.