"minio.deployment.apiVersion" -}} {{- if semverCompare "<1.9-0" .Capabilities.KubeVersion.Version -}} {{- print "apps/v1beta2" -}} {{- else -}} {{- print "apps/v1" -}} {{- end -}} {{- end -}} {{/* Return the appropriate apiVersion for statefulset. */}} {{- define "minio.statefulset.apiVersion" -}} {{- if semverCompare "<1.16-0" .Capabilities.KubeVersion.Version -}} {{- print "apps/v1beta2" -}} {{- else -}} {{- print "apps/v1" -}} {{- end -}} {{- end -}} {{/* Return the appropriate apiVersion for ingress. */}}...

"minio.deployment.apiVersion" -}} {{- if semverCompare "<1.9-0" .Capabilities.KubeVersion.Version -}} {{- print "apps/v1beta2" -}} {{- else -}} {{- print "apps/v1" -}} {{- end -}} {{- end -}} {{/* Return the appropriate apiVersion for statefulset. */}} {{- define "minio.statefulset.apiVersion" -}} {{- if semverCompare "<1.16-0" .Capabilities.KubeVersion.Version -}} {{- print "apps/v1beta2" -}} {{- else -}} {{- print "apps/v1" -}} {{- end -}} {{- end -}} {{/* Return the appropriate apiVersion for ingress. */}}...

Zum Beispiel könnten Sie deklarieren, dass etwas ein `str` oder `None` sein könnte:

```python
from typing import Union


def say_hi(name: Union[str, None]):
        print(f"Hi {name}!")
```

`typing` hat außerdem eine Abkürzung, um zu deklarieren, dass etwas `None` sein könnte, mit `Optional`.

Hier ist ein Tipp aus meiner sehr **subjektiven** Perspektive:

Наприклад, ви можете оголосити, що щось може бути `str` або `None`:

```python
from typing import Union


def say_hi(name: Union[str, None]):
        print(f"Hi {name}!")
```

У `typing` також є скорочення, щоб оголосити, що щось може бути `None`, - `Optional`.

Ось порада з моєї дуже «суб'єктивної» точки зору:

- 🚨 Уникайте використання `Optional[SomeType]`

@app.exception_handler(StarletteHTTPException)
async def custom_http_exception_handler(request, exc):
    print(f"OMG! An HTTP error!: {repr(exc)}")
    return await http_exception_handler(request, exc)


@app.exception_handler(RequestValidationError)
async def validation_exception_handler(request, exc):
    print(f"OMG! The client sent invalid data!: {exc}")
    return await request_validation_exception_handler(request, exc)

<<breaking-changes>>.
endif::[]
<% if (priorVersions.size() > 0) { %>
// Add previous release to the list
Other versions:

<%
print priorVersions.join("\n| ")
print "\n"
}

if (notableHighlights.empty == false) { %>
// tag::notable-highlights[]
<% for (highlight in notableHighlights) { %>
[discrete]
[[${ highlight.anchor }]]
=== ${highlight.title}

func FmtError(introMsg string, err error, jsonFlag bool) string {
	renderedTxt := ""
	uiErr := ErrorToErr(err)
	// JSON print
	if jsonFlag {
		// Message text in json should be simple
		if uiErr.detail != "" {
			return uiErr.msg + ": " + uiErr.detail
		}
		return uiErr.msg
	}
	// Pretty print error message
	introMsg += ": "
	if uiErr.msg != "" {
		introMsg += color.Bold(uiErr.msg)
	} else {

 */

package com.google.common.base;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;

/**
 * A time source; returns a time value representing the number of nanoseconds elapsed since some
 * fixed but arbitrary point in time. Note that most users should use {@link Stopwatch} instead of
 * interacting with this class directly.
 *
 * <p><b>Warning:</b> this interface can only be used to measure elapsed time, not wall time.
 *

                    if (r < 0.333) {
                        f.exists();
                        //                      System.out.print('e');
                    } else if (r < 0.667) {
                        d.listFiles();
                        //                      System.out.print('l');
                    } else if (r < 1.0) {
                        final InputStream in = f.getInputStream();

def say_hi(name: Optional[str]):
    print(f"Hey {name}!")
```

参数 `name` 被定义为 `Optional[str]`，但它并不是“可选”的，你不能不传这个参数就调用函数：

```Python
say_hi()  # 哎呀，这会报错！😱
```

参数 `name` 仍然是必填的（不是“可选”），因为它没有默认值。不过，`name` 接受 `None` 作为取值：

```Python
say_hi(name=None)  # 这样可以，None 是有效的 🎉
```

好消息是，在大多数情况下，你可以直接使用 `|` 来定义类型联合：

```python
def say_hi(name: str | None):
    print(f"Hey {name}!")
```