import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Nested;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
import org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension;

/**

import java.time.Clock;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.time.Instant;
import java.time.ZoneId;
import java.time.ZoneOffset;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Nested;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertSame;

    String message =
        String.format(
            Locale.ROOT,
            "Error in automated %s of %s\n"
                + "If the class is better tested explicitly, you can add %s() to %sTest",
            description,
            cls,
            explicitTestNames.get(0),
            cls.getName());
    return new AssertionError(message, e);
  }

  /**

import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Nested;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;

    int lastEscape = 0;

    // Loop through the rest of the string, replacing when needed into the
    // destination buffer, which gets grown as needed as well.
    for (; index < slen; index++) {

      // Get a replacement for the current character.
      char[] r = escape(s.charAt(index));

      // If no replacement is needed, just continue.
      if (r == null) {
        continue;
      }

    private final boolean letter;

    public CharTypeFilterFactory(final IndexSettings indexSettings, final Environment environment, final String name,
            final Settings settings) {
        super(indexSettings, name, settings);

        alphabetic = settings.getAsBoolean("alphabetic", true);
        digit = settings.getAsBoolean("digit", true);
        letter = settings.getAsBoolean("letter", true);
    }

Because all the **fields actually change** (the type now includes `None` and they now have a default value of `None`), we need to **re-declare** them.

        assertNotNull(exception);
        assertTrue(exception instanceof java.io.Serializable);
    }

    public void test_nestedExceptions() {
        // Test nested exception handling
        Exception innerCause = new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid parameter");
        RuntimeException middleCause = new RuntimeException("Processing failed", innerCause);

    }

    public void test_constructor_withNestedCause() {
        // Test constructor with nested exception causes
        Throwable rootCause = new IllegalArgumentException("Root cause");
        Throwable middleCause = new IllegalStateException("Middle cause", rootCause);
        String message = "Command execution failed with nested exception";

package callbacks

import (
	"fmt"
	"reflect"
	"sort"
	"strings"

	"gorm.io/gorm"
	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
	"gorm.io/gorm/schema"
	"gorm.io/gorm/utils"
)

// parsePreloadMap extracts nested preloads. e.g.
//
//	// schema has a "k0" relation and a "k7.k8" embedded relation
//	parsePreloadMap(schema, map[string][]interface{}{
//		clause.Associations: {"arg1"},
//		"k1":                {"arg2"},