Lưu ý rằng, điều này có nghĩa rằng "`one_person`" là một **thực thể** của lớp `Person`.

Nó không có nghĩa "`one_person`" là một **lớp** gọi là `Person`.

## Pydantic models

<a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic</a> là một thư viện Python để validate dữ liệu hiệu năng cao.

Bạn có thể khai báo "hình dạng" của dữa liệu như là các lớp với các thuộc tính.

    /*
     * Since we use AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterAtomicHelper by default, we'll "obviously" use it
     * even when Unsafe isn't available. But it's nice to have a check here to make sure that
     * nothing somehow goes wrong as the JDK restricts access to Unsafe.
     */
    checkHelperVersion(NO_UNSAFE, "AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterAtomicHelper");
    /*

* Authentification par **jetons JWT**.
* Modèles **SQLAlchemy** (indépendants des extensions Flask, afin qu'ils puissent être utilisés directement avec des *workers* Celery).
* Modèle de démarrages basiques pour les utilisateurs (à modifier et supprimer au besoin).
* Migrations **Alembic**.
* **CORS** (partage des ressources entre origines multiples, ou *Cross Origin Resource Sharing*).

또한 이를 예상하고 (현재 또는 미래에) 사용하는 도구가 있을 수 있으며, 현재 또는 미래에 자신 혹은 자신의 유저들에게 유용할 것입니다.

그것이 표준의 이점입니다 ...

///

## 확인하기

대화형 문서 열기: <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs</a>.

### 인증하기

"Authorize" 버튼을 눌러봅시다.

자격 증명을 사용합니다.

유저명: `johndoe`

패스워드: `secret`

<img src="/img/tutorial/security/image04.png">

					<excludes>
						<exclude>pom.xml</exclude>
						<exclude>breaking-changes.xml</exclude>
						<exclude>*.md</exclude>
						<exclude>*.sh</exclude>
						<exclude>build.properties</exclude>
						<exclude>docs/**</exclude>
						<exclude>src/test/resources/**</exclude>
						<exclude>**/*.idl</exclude>
						<exclude>**/*.css</exclude>
						<exclude>.*</exclude>
						<exclude>.*/**</exclude>

```Python hl_lines="3"
import os

name = os.getenv("MY_NAME", "World")
print(f"Hello {name} from Python")
```

/// tip

The second argument to <a href="https://docs.python.org/3.8/library/os.html#os.getenv" class="external-link" target="_blank">`os.getenv()`</a> is the default value to return.

If not provided, it's `None` by default, here we provide `"World"` as the default value to use.

FastAPIはこれをするために、Pydanticモデルの`.dict()`を<a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/serialization/#modeldict" class="external-link" target="_blank">その`exclude_unset`パラメータ</a>で使用しています。

///

/// info | 情報

以下も使用することができます:

* `response_model_exclude_defaults=True`
* `response_model_exclude_none=True`

# WebSockets

Puedes usar <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebSockets_API" class="external-link" target="_blank">WebSockets</a> con **FastAPI**.

## Instalar `WebSockets`

Asegúrate de crear un [entorno virtual](../virtual-environments.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, activarlo e instalar `websockets`:

<div class="termy">

```console
$ pip install websockets

---> 100%
```

</div>

          required: true
        - label: I already searched in Google "How to X in FastAPI" and didn't find any information.
          required: true
        - label: I already read and followed all the tutorial in the docs and didn't find an answer.
          required: true
        - label: I already checked if it is not related to FastAPI but to [Pydantic](https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic).
          required: true

# WebSockets

Sie können <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebSockets_API" class="external-link" target="_blank">WebSockets</a> mit **FastAPI** verwenden.

## `WebSockets` installieren

Zuerst müssen Sie `WebSockets` installieren:

<div class="termy">

```console
$ pip install websockets

---> 100%
```

</div>

## WebSockets-Client

### In Produktion