# Utiliser des classes comme dépendances { #classes-as-dependencies }

Avant d'aller plus loin dans le système d'**Injection de dépendances**, mettons à niveau l'exemple précédent.

## Un `dict` de l'exemple précédent { #a-dict-from-the-previous-example }

Dans l'exemple précédent, nous renvoyions un `dict` depuis notre dépendance (« dependable ») :

{* ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[9] *}

 *
 * <p>See the Guava User Guide article on <a
 * href="https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/PrimitivesExplained#unsigned-support">unsigned
 * primitive utilities</a>.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 * @author Colin Evans
 * @since 11.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
public final class UnsignedLong extends Number implements Comparable<UnsignedLong> {

  private static final long UNSIGNED_MASK = 0x7fffffffffffffffL;

import java.util.stream.Stream;
import junit.framework.TestSuite;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Tests for the default implementations of {@code CharSource} methods.
 *
 * @author Colin Decker
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class CharSourceTest extends IoTestCase {

  @AndroidIncompatible // Android doesn't understand suites whose tests lack default constructors.
  public static TestSuite suite() {

import java.util.Objects;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Tests for {@link Closer}.
 *
 * @author Colin Decker
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class CloserTest extends TestCase {

  private TestSuppressor suppressor;

  @Override
  protected void setUp() throws Exception {
    suppressor = new TestSuppressor();
  }

import junit.framework.TestSuite;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Tests for the default implementations of {@code ByteSource} methods.
 *
 * @author Colin Decker
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class ByteSourceTest extends IoTestCase {

  @AndroidIncompatible // Android doesn't understand suites whose tests lack default constructors.
  public static TestSuite suite() {

import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArraySet;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Registry of subscribers to a single event bus.
 *
 * @author Colin Decker
 */
final class SubscriberRegistry {

  /**
   * All registered subscribers, indexed by event type.
   *
   * <p>The {@link CopyOnWriteArraySet} values make it easy and relatively lightweight to get an

    * JSON nesneleri (`dict`).
    * Eleman tipleri tanımlanan JSON dizileri (`list`).
    * Minimum ve maksimum uzunlukları tanımlanan String (`str`) alanları.
    * Min ve max değerleri olan sayılar (`int`, `float`) vb.

* Daha “egzotik” tipler için doğrulama:
    * URL.
    * Email.
    * UUID.
    * ...ve diğerleri.

Tüm doğrulama köklü ve sağlam **Pydantic** tarafından yapılır.

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * {@link SourceSinkFactory} implementations.
 *
 * @author Colin Decker
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class SourceSinkFactories {

  private SourceSinkFactories() {}

  public static CharSourceFactory stringCharSourceFactory() {
    return new StringSourceFactory();
  }

 * </ul>
 *
 * <p>An exception that is suppressed is added to the exception that <i>will</i> be thrown using
 * {@code Throwable.addSuppressed(Throwable)}.
 *
 * @author Colin Decker
 * @since 14.0
 */
// Coffee's for {@link Closer closers} only.
@J2ktIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible
public final class Closer implements Closeable {
  /** Creates a new {@link Closer}. */

          }.buffer()
        }
      }
    body.byteStream().close()
    assertThat(closed.get()).isTrue()
  }

  @Test
  fun unicodeTextWithUnsupportedEncoding() {
    val text = "eile oli oliiviõli"
    val body = text.toResponseBody("text/plain; charset=unknown".toMediaType())
    assertThat(body.string()).isEqualTo(text)
  }

  companion object {
    @JvmOverloads
    fun body(