*   <li>Checking if a URL has already been visited.</li>
 *   <li>Generating URL queues from a previous session's access results.</li>
 * </ul>
 *
 * <p>
 * The class uses synchronization to ensure thread safety when accessing and modifying the URL queue.
 * It also checks for duplicate URLs before adding them to the queue,
 * both within the queue itself and against previously accessed URLs stored in the {@link MemoryDataHelper}.
 * </p>
 *

    // space can be a safe char if plusForSpace is false
    PercentEscaper unused = new PercentEscaper(" ", false);

    // space cannot be a safe char is plusForSpace is true
    String msg = "plusForSpace cannot be specified when space is a 'safe' character";
    IllegalArgumentException expected =
        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> new PercentEscaper(" ", true));
    assertThat(expected).hasMessageThat().isEqualTo(msg);
  }

    assertEquals(20, ticker.read());

    for (TimeUnit timeUnit : TimeUnit.values()) {
      ticker.setAutoIncrementStep(0, timeUnit);
      assertEquals(
          "Expected no auto-increment when setting autoIncrementStep to 0 " + timeUnit,
          30,
          ticker.read());
    }
  }

  public void testAutoIncrement_negative() {
    FakeTicker ticker = new FakeTicker();
    assertThrows(

8. Notice that this *path operation function* uses regular `def` instead of `async def`.

    As always, in FastAPI you can combine `def` and `async def` as needed.

    If you need a refresher about when to use which, check out the section _"In a hurry?"_ in the docs about [`async` and `await`](../async.md#in-a-hurry){.internal-link target=_blank}.

		t.Errorf("invalid checker name generated, got %v", chkName)
	}

	joinTable := ns.JoinTableName("user_languages")
	if joinTable != "public.user_languages" { // Seems like a bug in NamingStrategy to skip the Replacer when the name is lowercase here.
		t.Errorf("invalid join table generated, got %v", joinTable)
	}

	joinTable2 := ns.JoinTableName("UserLanguage")
	if joinTable2 != "public.replaced_userlanguage" {

    // Test class that causes NullPointerException
    private static class NullPointerScoreBooster extends ScoreBooster {
        @Override
        public long process() {
            // This will cause NullPointerException when auto-unboxing
            Long nullValue = null;
            return nullValue;
        }
    }

    // Test class that throws RuntimeException

	db := gorm.G[User](DB)

	for idx, pet := range user.Pets {
		pet.Toy = Toy{Name: "toy_nested_preload_" + strconv.Itoa(idx+1)}
	}

	if err := db.Create(ctx, &user); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("errors happened when create: %v", err)
	}

	user2, err := db.Preload("Pets.Toy", nil).Preload("Friends.Pets", func(db gorm.PreloadBuilder) error {
		return nil
	}).Where(user.ID).Take(ctx)
	if err != nil {

 * provided {@code standardPutAll} method.
 *
 * <p><b>{@code default} method warning:</b> This class does <i>not</i> forward calls to {@code
 * default} methods. Instead, it inherits their default implementations. When those implementations
 * invoke methods, they invoke methods on the {@code ForwardingNavigableMap}.
 *
 * <p>Each of the {@code standard} methods uses the map's comparator (or the natural ordering of the

 * provided {@code standardPutAll} method.
 *
 * <p><b>{@code default} method warning:</b> This class does <i>not</i> forward calls to {@code
 * default} methods. Instead, it inherits their default implementations. When those implementations
 * invoke methods, they invoke methods on the {@code ForwardingNavigableMap}.
 *
 * <p>Each of the {@code standard} methods uses the map's comparator (or the natural ordering of the

and yield a result of the same type as the operands.
The left operand is evaluated, and then the right if the condition requires it.
</p>

<pre class="grammar">
&amp;&amp;    conditional AND    p &amp;&amp; q  is  "if p then q else false"
||    conditional OR     p || q  is  "if p then true else q"
!     NOT                !p      is  "not p"
</pre>