int offset = 0;
        int size = 3;

        // Simulate successful verification
        when(mockResponse.verifySignature(buffer, offset, size)).thenReturn(true);
        assertTrue(mockResponse.verifySignature(buffer, offset, size));

        // Simulate failed verification
        when(mockResponse.verifySignature(buffer, offset, size)).thenReturn(false);

    @DisplayName("Test decode with buffer offset")
    void testDecodeWithBufferOffset() throws SMBProtocolDecodingException {
        String fileName = "offset_test.txt";
        int action = FileNotifyInformation.FILE_ACTION_MODIFIED;
        int offset = 50;

        byte[] smallBuffer = createValidNotificationBuffer(fileName, action);
        byte[] buffer = new byte[smallBuffer.length + offset + 50];

        assertEquals(expectedBytesWritten, bytesWritten);

        // Verify structure
        assertEquals(25, SMBUtil.readInt2(buffer, offset)); // Structure size
        assertEquals(TEST_SECURITY_MODE, buffer[offset + 3] & 0xFF); // Security mode
        assertEquals(TEST_CAPABILITIES, SMBUtil.readInt4(buffer, offset + 4)); // Capabilities
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should handle session binding scenarios")

//
//	var spd sparseDatas = []sparseEntry{
//		{Offset: 2,  Length: 5},  // Data fragment for 2..6
//		{Offset: 18, Length: 3},  // Data fragment for 18..20
//	}
//	var sph sparseHoles = []sparseEntry{
//		{Offset: 0,  Length: 2},  // Hole fragment for 0..1
//		{Offset: 7,  Length: 11}, // Hole fragment for 7..17
//		{Offset: 21, Length: 4},  // Hole fragment for 21..24
//	}
//

        final int ownerUOffset = ServerMessageBlock.readInt4(buffer, bufferIndex); // offset to owner sid
        bufferIndex += 4;
        final int ownerGOffset = ServerMessageBlock.readInt4(buffer, bufferIndex); // offset to group sid
        bufferIndex += 4;
        final int saclOffset = ServerMessageBlock.readInt4(buffer, bufferIndex); // offset to sacl
        bufferIndex += 4;

            // Reflectively inspect the private 'offset' field to assert it used the advanced fp
            Field offField = Smb2ReadRequest.class.getDeclaredField("offset");
            offField.setAccessible(true);
            long offVal = offField.getLong(req);
            assertEquals(2L, offVal, "Request offset should match skipped bytes");
        }

        @Test

  /** Private constructor for built-in DiscreteDomains supporting fast offset. */
  private DiscreteDomain(boolean supportsFastOffset) {
    this.supportsFastOffset = supportsFastOffset;
  }

  /**
   * Returns, conceptually, "origin + distance", or equivalently, the result of calling {@link
   * #next} on {@code origin} {@code distance} times.
   */
  C offset(C origin, long distance) {
    C current = origin;

    @DisplayName("Should handle hexdump with offset")
    void testHexdumpWithOffset() {
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(baos);

        // Create test data and dump from offset
        byte[] data = createTestData(64);
        int offset = 16;
        int length = 32;

        Hexdump.hexdump(ps, data, offset, length);

    }

    // Helper method to extract string from buffer
    private String extractStringFromBuffer(byte[] buffer, int offset, int maxLen) {
        int end = offset;
        while (end < offset + maxLen && buffer[end] != 0) {
            end++;
        }
        return new String(buffer, offset, end - offset, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
    }

        void testReadAtDifferentOffsets(int offset) throws SMBProtocolDecodingException {
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            byte[] responseData = createValidWriteResponse(2048, 1024);
            System.arraycopy(responseData, 0, buffer, offset, responseData.length);

            int bytesRead = response.readBytesWireFormat(buffer, offset);

            assertEquals(16, bytesRead);