buf.reset();
        NdrShort decoded = new NdrShort(0); // placeholder value
        decoded.decode(buf);
        assertEquals(expected, decoded.value, "decoded value should match original after masking");
    }

    /**
     * Verify that encode writes the correct little-endian sequence
     * to the buffer and that alignment is respected.
     */
    @Test
    void encodeWritesCorrectBytesAndAlignment() throws NdrException {

  },
  {
    "input": "نامه‌ای",
    "output": "xn--mgba3gch31f060k"
  },
  {
    "comment": "U+FFFD",
    "input": "\uFFFD.com",
    "output": null
  },
  {
    "comment": "U+FFFD character encoded in Punycode",
    "input": "xn--zn7c.com",
    "output": null
  },
  {
    "comment": "Label longer than 63 code points",
    "input": "x01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901x",

      val newKey = key?.lowercase(US)
      newAuthParams[newKey] = value
    }
    this.authParams = newAuthParams.unmodifiable()
  }

  /** Returns a copy of this charset that expects a credential encoded with [charset]. */
  fun withCharset(charset: Charset): Challenge {
    val authParams = this.authParams.toMutableMap()
    authParams["charset"] = charset.name()
    return Challenge(scheme, authParams)
  }

        transformHeader.setFlags(0x0001);
        transformHeader.setSessionId(testSessionId);

        byte[] buffer = new byte[52];

        // When
        int encoded = transformHeader.encode(buffer, 0);

        // Then
        assertEquals(52, encoded);

        // Verify protocol ID (first 4 bytes) - 0xFD534D42 in little-endian
        assertEquals((byte) 0x42, buffer[0]);
        assertEquals((byte) 0x4D, buffer[1]);

            byte[] largeBuffer = new byte[1000];

            // Act
            int smallEncodedSize = context.encode(smallBuffer, 0);
            int largeEncodedSize = context.encode(largeBuffer, 500);

            // Assert
            // encode() returns actual bytes written (6), not size() value (8)
            assertEquals(6, smallEncodedSize); // actual: 2 bytes count + 2*2 bytes for ciphers

  multiple drives into a single large system, pass one directory per
  filesystem separated by space. You may also use a '...' convention
  to abbreviate the directory arguments. Remote directories in a
  distributed setup are encoded as HTTP(s) URIs.
{{if .VisibleFlags}}
FLAGS:
  {{range .VisibleFlags}}{{.}}
  {{end}}{{end}}
EXAMPLES:

    private final int d;

    // Four 64-bit words of internal state.
    // The initial state corresponds to the ASCII string "somepseudorandomlygeneratedbytes",
    // big-endian encoded. There is nothing special about this value; the only requirement
    // was some asymmetry so that the initial v0 and v1 differ from v2 and v3.
    private long v0 = 0x736f6d6570736575L;
    private long v1 = 0x646f72616e646f6dL;

				var spHdr block
				sp2 = formatSPD(sp2, spHdr.Sparse())
				spb = append(spb, spHdr[:]...)
			}

			// Update size fields in the header block.
			realSize := hdr.Size
			hdr.Size = 0 // Encoded size; does not account for encoded sparse map
			for _, s := range spd {
				hdr.Size += s.Length
			}
			copy(blk.V7().Size(), zeroBlock[:]) // Reset field
			f.formatNumeric(blk.V7().Size(), hdr.Size)

    }

    /**
     * Encodes an object name to a URL-safe base64 string.
     *
     * @param objectName the object name to encode
     * @return base64 encoded string
     */
    private String encodeId(final String objectName) {
        if (objectName == null) {
            return StringUtil.EMPTY;
        }

    public fun body(body: MockResponseBody): Builder =
      apply {
        setHeader("Content-Length", body.contentLength)
        this.body = body
      }

    /** Sets the response body to the UTF-8 encoded bytes of [body]. */
    public fun body(body: String): Builder = body(Buffer().writeUtf8(body))

    public fun socketHandler(socketHandler: SocketHandler): Builder =
      apply {