private final int replacementsLength;
  // The first character in the safe range.
  private final char safeMin;
  // The last character in the safe range.
  private final char safeMax;

  /**
   * Creates a new ArrayBasedCharEscaper instance with the given replacement map and specified safe
   * range. If {@code safeMax < safeMin} then no characters are considered safe.
   *

    // Avoid ambiguous parameters. Safe characters are never modified so if
    // space is a safe character then setting plusForSpace is meaningless.
    if (plusForSpace && safeChars.contains(" ")) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
          "plusForSpace cannot be specified when space is a 'safe' character");
    }
    this.plusForSpace = plusForSpace;
    this.safeOctets = createSafeOctets(safeChars);
  }

  }

  public void testBadArguments_plusforspace() {
    // space can be a safe char if plusForSpace is false
    PercentEscaper unused = new PercentEscaper(" ", false);

    // space cannot be a safe char is plusForSpace is true
    String msg = "plusForSpace cannot be specified when space is a 'safe' character";
    IllegalArgumentException expected =

  }

  public void testBadArguments_plusforspace() {
    // space can be a safe char if plusForSpace is false
    PercentEscaper unused = new PercentEscaper(" ", false);

    // space cannot be a safe char is plusForSpace is true
    String msg = "plusForSpace cannot be specified when space is a 'safe' character";
    IllegalArgumentException expected =

 */
abstract class EndpointPairIterator<N> extends AbstractIterator<EndpointPair<N>> {
  private final BaseGraph<N> graph;
  private final Iterator<N> nodeIterator;

  @Nullable N node = null; // null is safe as an initial value because graphs don't allow null nodes

  Iterator<N> successorIterator = ImmutableSet.<N>of().iterator();

  static <N> EndpointPairIterator<N> of(BaseGraph<N> graph) {

    checkOpen();
    requireNonNull(seq); // safe because of checkOpen
    return hasRemaining() ? seq.charAt(pos++) : -1;
  }

  @Override
  public synchronized int read(char[] cbuf, int off, int len) throws IOException {
    checkPositionIndexes(off, off + len, cbuf.length);
    checkOpen();
    requireNonNull(seq); // safe because of checkOpen
    if (!hasRemaining()) {
      return -1;
    }

 * string {@code "Foo<Bar>"}.
 *
 * <p>An {@code Escaper} instance is required to be stateless, and safe when used concurrently by
 * multiple threads.
 *
 * <p>Because, in general, escaping operates on the code points of a string and not on its
 * individual {@code char} values, it is not safe to assume that {@code escape(s)} is equivalent to

    assertEscaping(e, "%7E", '~');
    assertEscaping(e, "%27", '\'');

    // Plus for spaces
    assertEscaping(e, "+", ' ');
    assertEscaping(e, "%2B", '+');

    assertThat(e.escape("safe with spaces")).isEqualTo("safe+with+spaces");
    assertThat(e.escape("******@****.***")).isEqualTo("foo%40bar.com");
  }

  public void testUrlPathSegmentEscaper() {
    UnicodeEscaper e = (UnicodeEscaper) urlPathSegmentEscaper();

    assertEscaping(e, "%7E", '~');
    assertEscaping(e, "%27", '\'');

    // Plus for spaces
    assertEscaping(e, "+", ' ');
    assertEscaping(e, "%2B", '+');

    assertThat(e.escape("safe with spaces")).isEqualTo("safe+with+spaces");
    assertThat(e.escape("******@****.***")).isEqualTo("foo%40bar.com");
  }

  public void testUrlPathSegmentEscaper() {
    UnicodeEscaper e = (UnicodeEscaper) urlPathSegmentEscaper();

   * and returns that value on subsequent calls to {@code get()}. See: <a
   * href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memoization">memoization</a>
   *
   * <p>The returned supplier is thread-safe. The delegate's {@code get()} method will be invoked at
   * most once unless the underlying {@code get()} throws an exception. The supplier's serialized