// More tests in IteratorsTest
  public void testAddAllToList() {
    List<String> alreadyThere = newArrayList("already", "there");
    List<String> freshlyAdded = newArrayList("freshly", "added");

    boolean changed = Iterables.addAll(alreadyThere, freshlyAdded);
    assertThat(alreadyThere).containsExactly("already", "there", "freshly", "added").inOrder();
    assertTrue(changed);
  }

 *
 * <p><b>{@code default} method warning:</b> This class does <i>not</i> forward calls to {@code
 * default} methods. Instead, it inherits their default implementations. When those implementations
 * invoke methods, they invoke methods on the {@code ForwardingExecutorService}.
 *
 * @author Kurt Alfred Kluever
 * @since 10.0
 */
@J2ktIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible

  /**
   * Generates a number in [0, 2^numBits) with an exponential distribution. The floor of the log2 of
   * the absolute value of the result is chosen uniformly at random in [0, numBits), and then the
   * result is chosen from those possibilities uniformly at random.
   *
   * <p>Zero is treated as having log2 == 0.
   */
  static double randomDouble(int maxExponent) {
    double result = RANDOM_SOURCE.nextDouble();

            StackOverflowError.class,
            e -> e instanceof StackOverflowError);
      }
    };

    // used under GWT, etc., since the override of this method does not exist there
    ImmutableMap<Class<? extends Throwable>, Predicate<Throwable>> exceptions() {
      return ImmutableMap.of();
    }
  }

            StackOverflowError.class,
            e -> e instanceof StackOverflowError);
      }
    };

    // used under GWT, etc., since the override of this method does not exist there
    ImmutableMap<Class<? extends Throwable>, Predicate<Throwable>> exceptions() {
      return ImmutableMap.of();
    }
  }

            StackOverflowError.class,
            e -> e instanceof StackOverflowError);
      }
    };

    // used under GWT, etc., since the override of this method does not exist there
    ImmutableMap<Class<? extends Throwable>, Predicate<Throwable>> exceptions() {
      return ImmutableMap.of();
    }
  }

So, even with the code above that doesn't use Pydantic explicitly, FastAPI is using Pydantic to convert those standard dataclasses to Pydantic's own flavor of dataclasses.

And of course, it supports the same:

* data validation
* data serialization
* data documentation, etc.

## Other middlewares { #other-middlewares }

There are many other ASGI middlewares.

For example:

* <a href="https://github.com/encode/uvicorn/blob/master/uvicorn/middleware/proxy_headers.py" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn's `ProxyHeadersMiddleware`</a>

	retry:
	  attempts: 10 # number of retries for the job before giving up
	  delay: "500ms" # least amount of delay between each retry
```

You can create and run multiple 'replication' jobs at a time there are no predefined limits set.

## Batch Jobs Terminology

### Job

A `Request` also has a `request.receive`, that's a function to "receive" the body of the request.

The `scope` `dict` and `receive` function are both part of the ASGI specification.

And those two things, `scope` and `receive`, are what is needed to create a new `Request` instance.