## Параметры модели ответа

Модель ответа может иметь значения по умолчанию, например:

{* ../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial004_py310.py hl[9,11:12] *}

* `description: Union[str, None] = None` (или `str | None = None` в Python 3.10), где `None` является значением по умолчанию.
* `tax: float = 10.5`, где `10.5` является значением по умолчанию.
* `tags: List[str] = []`, где пустой список `[]` является значением по умолчанию.

/// tip | Dica

Fazer com que o modelo de retorno garanta que um valor esteja sempre disponível e sempre seja um `int` (não `None`) é muito útil para os clientes da API, eles podem escrever código muito mais simples com essa certeza.

		hostMap = make(map[string]struct{}, len(hosts))
		for _, k := range hosts {
			if k != "" {
				hostMap[k] = struct{}{}
			}
		}
	}
	dID := r.Form.Get("by-depID")
	done := ctx.Done()
	ticker := time.NewTicker(interval)
	defer ticker.Stop()
	w.Header().Set(xhttp.ContentType, string(mimeJSON))

	enc := json.NewEncoder(w)
	for n > 0 {
		var m madmin.RealtimeMetrics

    for prod and one for tests. However, unlike our other packages, as of this
    writing it has test supersource but no prod supersource.

    GWT happens to use the prod .gwt.xml, so it looks for no supersource for
    tests, either. This causes it to fail to find AtomicLongMapTest.

    Our workaround is to tell GWT that util.concurrent and all other packages

    for prod and one for tests. However, unlike our other packages, as of this
    writing it has test supersource but no prod supersource.

    GWT happens to use the prod .gwt.xml, so it looks for no supersource for
    tests, either. This causes it to fail to find AtomicLongMapTest.

    Our workaround is to tell GWT that util.concurrent and all other packages

    for prod and one for tests. However, unlike our other packages, as of this
    writing it has test supersource but no prod supersource.

    GWT happens to use the prod .gwt.xml, so it looks for no supersource for
    tests, either. This causes it to fail to find AtomicLongMapTest.

    Our workaround is to tell GWT that util.concurrent and all other packages

    for prod and one for tests. However, unlike our other packages, as of this
    writing it has test supersource but no prod supersource.

    GWT happens to use the prod .gwt.xml, so it looks for no supersource for
    tests, either. This causes it to fail to find AtomicLongMapTest.

    Our workaround is to tell GWT that util.concurrent and all other packages

		wg.Add(1)
		go func(ctx context.Context, peerChannel <-chan MetricV2, wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
			defer wg.Done()
			for {
				select {
				case m, ok := <-peerChannel:
					if !ok {
						return
					}
					select {
					case ch <- m:
					case <-ctx.Done():
						return
					}
				case <-ctx.Done():
					return
				}
			}
		}(ctx, peerChannels[index], &wg)
	}

`Optional[Something]` là một cách viết ngắn gọn của `Union[Something, None]`, chúng là tương đương nhau.

Điều này cũng có nghĩa là trong Python 3.10, bạn có thể sử dụng `Something | None`:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!> ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009_py310.py!}
```

The way to describe this in OpenAPI, is to mark that field as **required**, because it will always be there.

Because of that, the JSON Schema for a model can be different depending on if it's used for **input or output**:

* for **input** the `description` will **not be required**
* for **output** it will be **required** (and possibly `None`, or in JSON terms, `null`)