} catch (ThemeException e) {
            assertEquals(expectedMessage, e.getMessage());
            assertNull(e.getCause());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            fail("Should have caught ThemeException, but caught: " + e.getClass());
        }
    }

    public void test_throwAndCatchWithCause() {
        // Test throwing and catching exception with cause

            assertNotNull(e);
            assertNull(e.getMessage());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            fail("Should have caught DictionaryExpiredException");
        }
    }

    public void test_throwAsRuntimeException() {
        // Test that it can be caught as RuntimeException
        try {
            throw new DictionaryExpiredException();
        } catch (RuntimeException e) {

        ServletException originalException = new ServletException("Throw test");

        try {
            throw new ServletRuntimeException(originalException);
        } catch (ServletRuntimeException caught) {
            // Verify the caught exception
            assertNotNull(caught);
            assertEquals(originalException, caught.getCause());

            assertNull(e.getCause());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            fail("Should have caught ResultOffsetExceededException");
        }
    }

    public void test_throwAndCatchAsFessSystemException() {
        // Test catching as parent class FessSystemException
        String expectedMessage = "Caught as FessSystemException";

        try {
            throw new ResultOffsetExceededException(expectedMessage);

    /**
     * Test that NbtException can be caught as a CIFSException.
     */
    @Test
    @DisplayName("NbtException should be catchable as CIFSException")
    void testCatchableAsCIFSException() {
        try {
            throw new NbtException(NbtException.ERR_NAM_SRVC, NbtException.FMT_ERR);
        } catch (CIFSException e) {
            assertTrue(e instanceof NbtException, "Caught exception should be an instance of NbtException");

        // These tests validate current behavior where problematic paths are caught by other checks

        // Test invalid server name with dots - caught by directory traversal check
        assertThrows(SmbException.class, () -> {
            validator.validatePath("\\\\..\\share");
        });

        // Test invalid characters in paths - caught by null byte check
        assertThrows(SmbException.class, () -> {

        // Execute the job - Error should NOT be caught since implementation only catches Exception
        try {
            aggregateLogJob.execute();
            fail("OutOfMemoryError should not be caught by Exception handler");
        } catch (OutOfMemoryError e) {
            // Expected - OutOfMemoryError is not caught by Exception handler
            assertEquals("Simulated OOM", e.getMessage());

        } catch (SearchQueryException e) {
            assertEquals(expectedMessage, e.getMessage());
            assertNull(e.getCause());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            fail("Should have caught SearchQueryException");
        }
    }

    public void test_throwWithCauseAndCatch() {
        // Test throwing with cause and catching
        String expectedMessage = "Test with cause";

            assertNull(e.getCause());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            fail("Should have caught CommandExecutionException");
        }
    }

    public void test_exceptionThrownWithCause() {
        // Test that the exception with cause can be thrown and caught properly
        String expectedMessage = "Command failed to execute";

    } catch (Throwable t) {
      if (predicate.apply(t)) {
        // We are careful to set up INSTANCE_OF to match each Predicate to its target Class.
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        T caught = (T) t;
        return caught;
      }
      throw new AssertionError(
          "expected to throw " + expectedThrowable.getSimpleName() + " but threw " + t, t);
    }
    if (userPassedSupplier) {
      throw new AssertionError(