Now, instead of using independent `startup` and `shutdown` events, you can define that logic in a single function with `yield` decorated with `@asynccontextmanager` (an async context manager).

For example:

```Python
from contextlib import asynccontextmanager

Production'da nasıl oldugunu görmek için şu bölüme bakın [Deployment](deployment/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

## `async` ve `await`

This is normally called a **webhook**.

## Webhooks steps

The process normally is that **you define** in your code what is the message that you will send, the **body of the request**.

You also define in some way at which **moments** your app will send those requests or events.

And **your users** define in some way (for example in a web dashboard somewhere) the **URL** where your app should send those requests.

### Short

It has sensible **defaults** for everything, with optional configurations everywhere. All the parameters can be fine-tuned to do what you need and to define the API you need.

But by default, it all **"just works"**.

### Validation

* Validation for most (or all?) Python **data types**, including:
    * JSON objects (`dict`).

# Body - Nested Models

With **FastAPI**, you can define, validate, document, and use arbitrarily deeply nested models (thanks to Pydantic).

## List fields

You can define an attribute to be a subtype. For example, a Python `list`:

=== "Python 3.10+"

    ```Python hl_lines="12"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/body_nested_models/tutorial001_py310.py!}
    ```

=== "Python 3.8+"

    ```Python hl_lines="14"

* API usage monitoring systems
* response data injection systems
* etc.

## Simple and Powerful

Although the hierarchical dependency injection system is very simple to define and use, it's still very powerful.

You can define dependencies that in turn can define dependencies themselves.

# Request Files

You can define files to be uploaded by the client using `File`.

!!! info
    To receive uploaded files, first install <a href="https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart" class="external-link" target="_blank">`python-multipart`</a>.

    E.g. `pip install python-multipart`.

    This is because uploaded files are sent as "form data".

## Import `File`

Import `File` and `UploadFile` from `fastapi`:

=== "Python 3.9+"

Then I contributed to it, to make it fully compliant with JSON Schema, to support different ways to define constraint declarations, and to improve editor support (type checks, autocompletion) based on the tests in several editors.

O termo "*schema*" também pode se referir à forma de alguns dados, como um conteúdo JSON.

Nesse caso, significaria os atributos JSON e os tipos de dados que eles possuem, etc.

#### OpenAPI e JSON *Schema*

OpenAPI define um *schema* de API para sua API. E esse *schema* inclui definições (ou "*schemas*") dos dados enviados e recebidos por sua API usando **JSON *Schema***, o padrão para *schemas* de dados JSON.

#### Verifique o `openapi.json`

Elle peut être une fonction asynchrone (`async def`) ou une fonction normale (`def`), **FastAPI** saura la gérer correctement.

Dans cet exemple, la fonction de tâche écrira dans un fichier (afin de simuler un envoi d'email).

L'opération d'écriture n'utilisant ni `async` ni `await`, on définit la fonction avec un `def` normal.

```Python hl_lines="6-9"
{!../../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial001.py!}
```