from fastapi import BackgroundTasks, FastAPI

    app = FastAPI()


    def write_notification(email: str, message=""):
        with open("log.txt", mode="w") as email_file:
            content = f"notification for {email}: {message}"
            email_file.write(content)


    @app.post("/send-notification/{email}")
    async def send_notification(email: str, background_tasks: BackgroundTasks):

    {!> ../../../docs_src/path_operation_advanced_configuration/tutorial007_pv1.py!}
    ```

!!! info
    In Pydantic version 1 the method to get the JSON Schema for a model was called `Item.schema()`, in Pydantic version 2, the method is called `Item.model_json_schema()`.

The main purpose of the `__name__ == "__main__"` is to have some code that is executed when your file is called with:

<div class="termy">

```console
$ python myapp.py
```

</div>

but is not called when another file imports it, like in:

```Python
from myapp import app
```

#### More details

Let's say your file is named `myapp.py`.

If you run it with:

<div class="termy">

```console

If you want to receive partial updates, it's very useful to use the parameter `exclude_unset` in Pydantic's model's `.model_dump()`.

Like `item.model_dump(exclude_unset=True)`.

!!! info
    In Pydantic v1 the method was called `.dict()`, it was deprecated (but still supported) in Pydantic v2, and renamed to `.model_dump()`.

    * `bearer`: a header `Authorization` with a value of `Bearer ` plus a token. This is inherited from OAuth2.
    * HTTP Basic authentication.
    * HTTP Digest, etc.
* `oauth2`: all the OAuth2 ways to handle security (called "flows").
    * Several of these flows are appropriate for building an OAuth 2.0 authentication provider (like Google, Facebook, Twitter, GitHub, etc):
        * `implicit`
        * `clientCredentials`

!!! check "A inspiré **FastAPI** à"
Être un micro-framework. Il est donc facile de combiner les outils et les pièces nécessaires.

Proposer un système de routage simple et facile à utiliser.

### <a href="https://requests.readthedocs.io" class="external-link" target="_blank">Requests</a>

!!! note "Technical Details"
    Data from forms is normally encoded using the "media type" `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`.

    But when the form includes files, it is encoded as `multipart/form-data`. You'll read about handling files in the next chapter.

# À propos de HTTPS

Il est facile de penser que HTTPS peut simplement être "activé" ou non.

Mais c'est beaucoup plus complexe que cela.

!!! tip
    Si vous êtes pressé ou si cela ne vous intéresse pas, passez aux sections suivantes pour obtenir des instructions étape par étape afin de tout configurer avec différentes techniques.

Pour apprendre les bases du HTTPS, du point de vue d'un utilisateur, consultez <a href="https://howhttps.works/"

And then the new OpenAPI 3.1.0 was based on the latest version (JSON Schema 2020-12) that included this new field `examples`.

And now this new `examples` field takes precedence over the old single (and custom) `example` field, that is now deprecated.

            field.field_info.annotation
        ) and not isinstance(field.field_info, params.Body)

    def is_sequence_field(field: ModelField) -> bool:
        return field_annotation_is_sequence(field.field_info.annotation)

    def is_scalar_sequence_field(field: ModelField) -> bool:
        return field_annotation_is_scalar_sequence(field.field_info.annotation)