Data from forms is normally encoded using the "media type" `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`.

    But when the form includes files, it is encoded as `multipart/form-data`. You'll read about handling files in the next chapter.

        }
      }
    } catch (e: NoSuchElementException) {
      throw AssertionError("full event sequence: $fullEventSequence", e)
    }
  }

  /**
   * Remove and return the next event from the recorded sequence.
   *
   * @param eventClass a class to assert that the returned event is an instance of, or null to
   *     take any event class.

## Erstellung einer Middleware

Um eine Middleware zu erstellen, verwenden Sie den Dekorator `@app.middleware("http")` über einer Funktion.

Die Middleware-Funktion erhält:

* Den `request`.
* Eine Funktion `call_next`, die den `request` als Parameter erhält.
    * Diese Funktion gibt den `request` an die entsprechende *Pfadoperation* weiter.
    * Dann gibt es die von der entsprechenden *Pfadoperation* generierte `response` zurück.

    Copy **only** the file with the requirements first, not the rest of the code.

    As this file **doesn't change often**, Docker will detect it and use the **cache** for this step, enabling the cache for the next step too.

4. Install the package dependencies in the requirements file.

!!! note "技术细节"
    如果你使用了 `yield` 关键字依赖, 依赖中的退出代码将在执行中间件*后*执行.

    如果有任何后台任务(稍后记录), 它们将在执行中间件*后*运行.

## 创建中间件

要创建中间件你可以在函数的顶部使用装饰器 `@app.middleware("http")`.

中间件参数接收如下参数:

* `request`.
* 一个函数 `call_next` 它将接收 `request` 作为参数.
    * 这个函数将 `request` 传递给相应的 *路径操作*.
    * 然后它将返回由相应的*路径操作*生成的 `response`.
* 然后你可以在返回 `response` 前进一步修改它.

```Python hl_lines="8-9  11  14"
{!../../../docs_src/middleware/tutorial001.py!}
```

    만약 (나중에 문서에서 다룰) 백그라운드 작업이 있다면, 모든 미들웨어가 실행되고 *난 후에* 실행됩니다.

## 미들웨어 만들기

미들웨어를 작성하기 위해서 함수 상단에 `@app.middleware("http")` 데코레이터를 사용할 수 있습니다.

미들웨어 함수는 다음 항목들을 받습니다:

* `request`.
* `request`를 매개변수로 받는 `call_next` 함수.
    * 이 함수는 `request`를 해당하는 *경로 작업*으로 전달합니다.
    * 그런 다음, *경로 작업*에 의해 생성된 `response` 를 반환합니다.
* `response`를 반환하기 전에 추가로 `response`를 수정할 수 있습니다.

```Python hl_lines="8-9  11  14"

    @Throws(IOException::class)
    fun onReadMessage(text: String)

    @Throws(IOException::class)
    fun onReadMessage(bytes: ByteString)

    fun onReadPing(payload: ByteString)

    fun onReadPong(payload: ByteString)

    fun onReadClose(
      code: Int,
      reason: String,
    )
  }

  /**
   * Process the next protocol frame.
   *

    minFreshSeconds = minFreshSeconds,
    onlyIfCached = onlyIfCached,
    noTransform = noTransform,
    immutable = immutable,
    headerValue = headerValue,
  )
}

/**
 * Returns the next index in this at or after [startIndex] that is a character from
 * [characters]. Returns the input length if none of the requested characters can be found.
 */
private fun String.indexOfElement(
  characters: String,

and the Helm values (Istio behavior configuration).

1. The fields defined in the user CR override any values defined in the configuration profile CR.  The
resulting CR is converted to Helm values.yaml format and passed to the next step.
1. Part of the configuration profile contains settings in the Helm values.yaml schema format. User overrides of
these fields are applied and merged with the output of this step. The result of this step is a merge of configuration

        set(Calendar.SECOND, second)
        set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0)
        return timeInMillis
      }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the index of the next date character in `input`, or if `invert` the index
     * of the next non-date character in `input`.
     */
    private fun dateCharacterOffset(
      input: String,
      pos: Int,
      limit: Int,
      invert: Boolean,
    ): Int {