These functions can be declared with `async def` or normal `def`.

### `startup` event

To add a function that should be run before the application starts, declare it with the event `"startup"`:

```Python hl_lines="8"
{!../../../docs_src/events/tutorial001.py!}
```

 *
 * <p>The declaration methods must be public.
 */
@AndroidIncompatible // only used by android incompatible tests.
abstract class SubtypeTester implements Cloneable {

  /** Annotates a public method that declares subtype assertion. */
  @RequiredModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC)
  @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
  @Target(ElementType.METHOD)
  @interface TestSubtype {
    /** Suppresses the assertion on {@link TypeToken#getSubtype}. */

include::sample[dir="snippets/artifacts/dependencyBasics/groovy",files="build.gradle[]"]
====

            CALL 'public final fun plus (other: kotlin.Int): kotlin.Int [operator] declared in kotlin.Int' type=kotlin.Int origin=PLUS
              $this: CALL 'public final fun plus (other: kotlin.Int): kotlin.Int [operator] declared in kotlin.Int' type=kotlin.Int origin=PLUS
                $this: CALL 'public final fun callFoo (foo: <root>.Foo): kotlin.Int declared in <root>.ContextKt' type=kotlin.Int origin=null

                          CALL 'public final fun EQEQ (arg0: kotlin.Any?, arg1: kotlin.Any?): kotlin.Boolean declared in kotlin.internal.ir' type=kotlin.Boolean origin=EQEQ
                            arg0: CALL 'public final fun rem (other: kotlin.Int): kotlin.Int [operator] declared in kotlin.Int' type=kotlin.Int origin=PERC

                    RETURN type=kotlin.Nothing from='local final fun <anonymous> (it: kotlin.Int): kotlin.Int declared in <root>.CodeFragment.run'
                      CALL 'public final fun times (other: kotlin.Int): kotlin.Int [operator] declared in kotlin.Int' type=kotlin.Int origin=MUL
                        $this: GET_VAR 'it: kotlin.Int declared in <root>.CodeFragment.run.<anonymous>' type=kotlin.Int origin=null

            $this: GET_VAR '<this>: <root>.Child declared in <root>.Child.onCreate' type=<root>.Child origin=null
          CALL 'private final fun bar (): kotlin.Unit declared in <root>.Child' type=kotlin.Unit origin=null

func (T) m() {}
func (T) m() {} // ERROR "already declared|redefinition"
func (A) m() {} // ERROR "already declared|redefinition"
func (A) m() {} // ERROR "already declared|redefinition"
func (B) m() {} // ERROR "already declared|redefinition"
func (B) m() {} // ERROR "already declared|redefinition"

func (*T) m() {} // ERROR "already declared|redefinition"
func (*A) m() {} // ERROR "already declared|redefinition"

func f0() {
L1 /* ERROR "label L1 declared and not used" */ :
	for {
	}
L2 /* ERROR "label L2 declared and not used" */ :
	select {
	}
L3 /* ERROR "label L3 declared and not used" */ :
	switch {
	}
L4 /* ERROR "label L4 declared and not used" */ :
	if true {
	}
L5 /* ERROR "label L5 declared and not used" */ :
	f0()
L6:
	f0()
L6 /* ERROR "label L6 already declared" */ :
	f0()
	if x == 20 {
		goto L6

              $this: CALL 'public open fun <get-length> (): kotlin.Int declared in kotlin.String' type=kotlin.Int origin=GET_PROPERTY
                $this: GET_VAR 'p0: kotlin.String declared in <root>.CodeFragment.run' type=kotlin.String origin=null