// At this point the version stack must look as below,
	// v3 --> free version      00000000-0000-0000-0000-0000000000f2 (from removal of null version)
	// v2 --> free version      00000000-0000-0000-0000-0000000000f1 (from overwriting of null version )
	// v1 --> non-free version  00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001

	// Check number of free-versions
	freeVersions, err := xl.listFreeVersions(newtierfi.Volume, newtierfi.Name)
	if err != nil {

          # don't overwrite /etc/hosts since it's managed by kubeproxy
          #sudo sh -c 'cat /var/run/secrets/istio/bootstrap/hosts >> /etc/hosts'

          # since we're not overwriting /etc/hosts on k8s, verify that istiod hostname in /etc/hosts
          # matches the value generated by istioctl
          echo "checking istio host"
          SYSTEM_HOST=$(cat /etc/hosts | grep istiod)

  )

  $module = Get-InstanceMetadataAttribute $MetadataKey
  if (Test-Path C:\$Filename) {
    if (-not $REDO_STEPS) {
      Log-Output "Skip: C:\$Filename already exists, not overwriting"
      Import-Module -Force C:\$Filename
      return
    }
    Log-Output "Warning: C:\$Filename already exists, will overwrite it."
  }
  New-Item -ItemType file -Force C:\$Filename | Out-Null

	}

	return ist.UpdateMeshConfig(ctx,
		func(mc *meshconfig.MeshConfig) error {
			newProviders := []*meshconfig.MeshConfig_ExtensionProvider{}
			// Merge the extension providers.
			// If we are overwriting an existing one, keep the new one.
			for _, o := range mc.ExtensionProviders {
				if !providerNames.Contains(o.Name) {
					newProviders = append(newProviders, o)
				}
			}

	return writeCNIConfig(ctx, marshalledJSON, cfg)
}

// writeCNIConfig will
// 1. read in the existing CNI config file
// 2. append the `istio`-specific entry
// 3. write the combined result back out to the same path, overwriting the original.
func writeCNIConfig(ctx context.Context, pluginConfig []byte, cfg *config.InstallConfig) (string, error) {
	cniConfigFilepath, err := getCNIConfigFilepath(ctx, cfg.CNIConfName, cfg.MountedCNINetDir, cfg.ChainedCNIPlugin)

	)

	rlim := origRlimitNofile.Load()

	// guard against side effects of shuffling fds below.
	// Make sure that nextfd is beyond any currently open files so
	// that we can't run the risk of overwriting any of them.
	fd := make([]int, len(attr.Files))
	nextfd = len(attr.Files)
	for i, ufd := range attr.Files {
		if nextfd < int(ufd) {
			nextfd = int(ufd)
		}
		fd[i] = int(ufd)
	}
	nextfd++

use the `--profile` command-line option:

[listing.terminal]
----
$ gradle --profile <tasks>
----

Each profile report has a timestamp in its name to avoid overwriting existing ones.

The report displays a breakdown of the time taken to run the build.
However, this breakdown is not as detailed as a build scan.
The following profile report shows the different categories available:

	ppid, _, _ := RawSyscall(SYS_GETPID, 0, 0, 0)

	// guard against side effects of shuffling fds below.
	// Make sure that nextfd is beyond any currently open files so
	// that we can't run the risk of overwriting any of them.
	fd := make([]int, len(attr.Files))
	nextfd = len(attr.Files)
	for i, ufd := range attr.Files {
		if nextfd < int(ufd) {
			nextfd = int(ufd)
		}
		fd[i] = int(ufd)
	}
	nextfd++

!!! info
    In the `open()` function, the `mode="a"` means "append", so, the line will be added after whatever is on that file, without overwriting the previous contents.

!!! tip
    Notice that in this case we are using a standard Python `open()` function that interacts with a file.

	)

	rlim := origRlimitNofile.Load()

	// guard against side effects of shuffling fds below.
	// Make sure that nextfd is beyond any currently open files so
	// that we can't run the risk of overwriting any of them.
	fd := make([]int, len(attr.Files))
	nextfd = len(attr.Files)
	for i, ufd := range attr.Files {
		if nextfd < int(ufd) {
			nextfd = int(ufd)
		}
		fd[i] = int(ufd)
	}
	nextfd++