/**
   * UTF-8: eight-bit UCS Transformation Format.
   *
   * <p><b>Java 7+ users:</b> this constant should be treated as deprecated; use {@link
   * java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets#UTF_8} instead.
   *
   */
  public static final Charset UTF_8 = Charset.forName("UTF-8");

  /**
   * UTF-16BE: sixteen-bit UCS Transformation Format, big-endian byte order.
   *

    LinearTransformation transformation = LinearTransformation.mapping(x1, y1).withSlope(slope);
    assertThat(transformation.isVertical()).isFalse();
    assertThat(transformation.isHorizontal()).isFalse();
    assertThat(transformation.slope()).isWithin(ALLOWED_ERROR).of(slope);
    // Note that we cannot test the actual mapping of points, as the results will be unreliable due
    // to loss of precision with this value of the slope.
  }

    LinearTransformation transformation = LinearTransformation.mapping(x1, y1).withSlope(slope);
    assertThat(transformation.isVertical()).isFalse();
    assertThat(transformation.isHorizontal()).isFalse();
    assertThat(transformation.slope()).isWithin(ALLOWED_ERROR).of(slope);
    // Note that we cannot test the actual mapping of points, as the results will be unreliable due
    // to loss of precision with this value of the slope.
  }

    assertThat(transformation.inverse().inverse()).isSameInstanceAs(transformation);
  }

  /**
   * Asserts that {@code transformation} behaves as expected for {@link
   * LinearTransformation#forNaN}.
   */
  static void assertLinearTransformationNaN(LinearTransformation transformation) {
    assertThat(transformation.isHorizontal()).isFalse();

    assertThat(transformation.inverse().inverse()).isSameInstanceAs(transformation);
  }

  /**
   * Asserts that {@code transformation} behaves as expected for {@link
   * LinearTransformation#forNaN}.
   */
  static void assertLinearTransformationNaN(LinearTransformation transformation) {
    assertThat(transformation.isHorizontal()).isFalse();

   * vertical transformation (i.e. when {@link #isVertical()} is true).
   */
  public abstract double transform(double x);

  /**
   * Returns the inverse linear transformation. The inverse of a horizontal transformation is a
   * vertical transformation, and vice versa. The inverse of the {@link #forNaN} transformation is

  /**
   * UTF-8: eight-bit UCS Transformation Format.
   *
   * <p><b>Java 7+ users:</b> this constant should be treated as deprecated; use {@link
   * java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets#UTF_8} instead.
   *
   */
  public static final Charset UTF_8 = Charset.forName("UTF-8");

  /**
   * UTF-16BE: sixteen-bit UCS Transformation Format, big-endian byte order.
   *

        ensurePositive(xSumOfSquaresOfDeltas * ySumOfSquaresOfDeltas);
    return ensureInUnitRange(sumOfProductsOfDeltas / Math.sqrt(productOfSumsOfSquaresOfDeltas));
  }

  /**
   * Returns a linear transformation giving the best fit to the data according to <a
   * href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/LeastSquaresFitting.html">Ordinary Least Squares linear

 * }</pre>
 *
 * <p>If you have some other mechanism for returning the predecessors of a node, or one that doesn't
 * return a {@code Iterable<? extends N>}, then you can use a lambda to perform a more general
 * transformation:
 *
 * <pre>{@code
 * someGraphAlgorithm(startNode, node -> ImmutableList.of(node.mother(), node.father()));
 * }</pre>
 *
 * <p>Graph algorithms that need additional capabilities (accessing both predecessors and

 * }</pre>
 *
 * <p>If you have some other mechanism for returning the successors of a node, or one that doesn't
 * return an {@code Iterable<? extends N>}, then you can use a lambda to perform a more general
 * transformation:
 *
 * <pre>{@code
 * someGraphAlgorithm(startNode, node -> ImmutableList.of(node.leftChild(), node.rightChild()));
 * }</pre>
 *