// TODO(mdempsky): Make use of column.

	// Since we don't know the set of needed file positions, we reserve
	// maxlines positions per file. We delay calling token.File.SetLines until
	// all positions have been calculated (by way of fakeFileSet.setLines), so
	// that we can avoid setting unnecessary lines. See also golang/go#46586.
	f := s.files[file]
	if f == nil {
		f = &fileInfo{file: s.fset.AddFile(file, -1, maxlines)}

		}

		// add lines with SetLines and verify all positions
		if ok := f.SetLines(test.lines); !ok {
			t.Errorf("%s: SetLines failed", f.Name())
		}
		if f.LineCount() != len(test.lines) {
			t.Errorf("%s, SetLines: got line count %d; want %d", f.Name(), f.LineCount(), len(test.lines))
		}
		if !reflect.DeepEqual(f.Lines(), test.lines) {

// An empty file has an empty line offset table.
// Each line offset must be larger than the offset for the previous line
// and smaller than the file size; otherwise SetLines fails and returns
// false.
// Callers must not mutate the provided slice after SetLines returns.
func (f *File) SetLines(lines []int) bool {
	// verify validity of lines table
	size := f.size
	for i, offset := range lines {

		posBases: make([]string, input.NumElems(pkgbits.RelocPosBase)),
		pkgs:     make([]*types.Package, input.NumElems(pkgbits.RelocPkg)),
		typs:     make([]types.Type, input.NumElems(pkgbits.RelocType)),
	}
	defer pr.fake.setLines()

	r := pr.newReader(pkgbits.RelocMeta, pkgbits.PublicRootIdx, pkgbits.SyncPublic)
	pkg := r.pkg()
	r.Bool() // TODO(mdempsky): Remove; was "has init"

	for i, n := 0, r.Len(); i < n; i++ {

		// name (name with subscript).
		tparamIndex: make(map[ident]*types.TypeParam),

		fake: fakeFileSet{
			fset:  fset,
			files: make(map[string]*fileInfo),
		},
	}
	defer p.fake.setLines() // set lines for files in fset

	for i, pt := range predeclared {
		p.typCache[uint64(i)] = pt
	}
	// Special handling for "any", whose representation may be changed by the
	// gotypesalias GODEBUG variable.

	}
	settings := &settings{}
	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, settings); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not parse settings: %w", err)
	}
	for i := range settings.Configs {
		settings.Configs[i].resetTransient()
	}
	return settings, nil
}

// writeSettings saves settings to fname.
func writeSettings(fname string, settings *settings) error {
	data, err := json.MarshalIndent(settings, "", "  ")

```Python hl_lines="10"
{!../../../docs_src/settings/app02/config.py!}
```

Beachten Sie, dass wir jetzt keine Standardinstanz `settings = Settings()` erstellen.

### Die Haupt-Anwendungsdatei

Jetzt erstellen wir eine Abhängigkeit, die ein neues `config.Settings()` zurückgibt.

=== "Python 3.9+"

    ```Python hl_lines="6  12-13"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/settings/app02_an_py39/main.py!}
    ```

rootProject.name = 'component-metadata-rules'

// tag::rule-in-settings[]
dependencyResolutionManagement {
    components {
        withModule("com.google.guava:guava", GuavaRule)
    }
}
// end::rule-in-settings[]

// tag::prefer-settings[]
dependencyResolutionManagement {
    rulesMode = RulesMode.PREFER_SETTINGS
}
// end::prefer-settings[]

// tag::enforce-settings[]
dependencyResolutionManagement {

## Pydantic `Settings`

Fortunately, Pydantic provides a great utility to handle these settings coming from environment variables with <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/usage/pydantic_settings/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic: Settings management</a>.

### Install `pydantic-settings`

First, install the `pydantic-settings` package:

<div class="termy">

```console

 *
 * <p>There is a one-to-one correspondence between a <code>Settings</code> instance and a <code>{@value
 * #DEFAULT_SETTINGS_FILE}</code> settings file. Before Gradle assembles the projects for a build, it creates a
 * <code>Settings</code> instance and executes the settings file against it.</p>
 *
 * <h3>Assembling a Multi-Project Build</h3>
 *