* java.util.LinkedHashSet}. Generally speaking, this class reduces object allocation and memory
 * consumption at the price of moderately increased constant factors of CPU. Only use this class
 * when there is a specific reason to prioritize memory over CPU.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtIncompatible // not worth using in GWT for now
@ElementTypesAreNonnullByDefault

 * href="https://github.com/ben-manes/caffeine/wiki">Caffeine</a>) caching utilities.
 *
 * <p>The core interface used to represent caches is {@link Cache}. In-memory caches can be
 * configured and created using {@link CacheBuilder}, with cache entries being loaded by {@link
 * CacheLoader}. Statistics about cache performance are exposed using {@link CacheStats}.
 *

 * href="https://github.com/ben-manes/caffeine/wiki">Caffeine</a>) caching utilities.
 *
 * <p>The core interface used to represent caches is {@link Cache}. In-memory caches can be
 * configured and created using {@link CacheBuilder}, with cache entries being loaded by {@link
 * CacheLoader}. Statistics about cache performance are exposed using {@link CacheStats}.
 *

 * lock, but also maximizes memory footprint. On the other extreme, one could use a single lock for
 * all tasks, which minimizes memory footprint but also minimizes concurrency. Instead of choosing
 * either of these extremes, {@code Striped} allows the user to trade between required concurrency
 * and memory footprint. For example, if a set of tasks are CPU-bound, one could easily create a

import com.google.caliper.Benchmark;
import com.google.caliper.Param;
import com.google.common.collect.BenchmarkHelpers.SetImpl;

/**
 * This is meant to be used with {@code --measureMemory} to measure the memory usage of various
 * {@code Set} implementations.
 *
 * @author Christopher Swenson
 */
public class SetCreationBenchmark {
  @Param({

final class Platform {
  static CharMatcher precomputeCharMatcher(CharMatcher matcher) {
    // CharMatcher.precomputed() produces CharMatchers that are maybe a little
    // faster (and that's debatable), but definitely more memory-hungry. We're
    // choosing to turn .precomputed() into a no-op in GWT, because it doesn't
    // seem to be a worthwhile tradeoff in a browser.
    return matcher;
  }

                String.format(Locale.ROOT, "Caught an exception in %s.  Shutting down.", t),
                e);
      } catch (Throwable errorInLogging) { // sneaky checked exception
        // If logging fails, e.g. due to missing memory, at least try to log the
        // message and the cause for the failed logging.
        System.err.println(e.getMessage());
        System.err.println(errorInLogging.getMessage());
      } finally {
        runtime.exit(1);

 * }
 * public void testFooLeak() {
 *   GcFinalization.awaitClear(fooWeakRef());
 * }
 * }</pre>
 *
 * <p>This class cannot currently be used to test soft references, since this class does not try to
 * create the memory pressure required to cause soft references to be cleared.
 *
 * <p>This class only provides testing utilities. It is not designed for direct use in production or
 * for benchmarking.
 *
 * @author mike nonemacher

   * Stream.of("foo", "quux", "banana", "elephant")
   *     .collect(least(2, comparingInt(String::length)))
   * // returns {"foo", "quux"}
   * }</pre>
   *
   * <p>This {@code Collector} uses O(k) memory and takes expected time O(n) (worst-case O(n log
   * k)), as opposed to e.g. {@code Stream.sorted(comparator).limit(k)}, which currently takes O(n
   * log n) time and O(n) space.
   *

   * having a hash table of size eight. Providing a large enough estimate at construction time
   * avoids the need for expensive resizing operations later, but setting this value unnecessarily
   * high wastes memory.
   *
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code initialCapacity} is negative
   * @throws IllegalStateException if an initial capacity was already set
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue