# 响应头

## 使用 `Response` 参数

你可以在你的*路径操作函数*中声明一个`Response`类型的参数（就像你可以为cookies做的那样）。

然后你可以在这个*临时*响应对象中设置头部。
```Python hl_lines="1  7-8"
{!../../../docs_src/response_headers/tutorial002.py!}
```

然后你可以像平常一样返回任何你需要的对象（例如一个`dict`或者一个数据库模型）。如果你声明了一个`response_model`，它仍然会被用来过滤和转换你返回的对象。

**FastAPI**将使用这个临时响应来提取头部（也包括cookies和状态码），并将它们放入包含你返回的值的最终响应中，该响应由任何`response_model`过滤。

你也可以在依赖项中声明`Response`参数，并在其中设置头部（和cookies）。

## 直接返回 `Response`

	w.Header().Set(xhttp.CacheControl, "no-cache") // nginx to turn off buffering
	w.Header().Set("X-Accel-Buffering", "no")      // nginx to turn off buffering
}

// Write http common headers
func setCommonHeaders(w http.ResponseWriter) {
	// Set the "Server" http header.
	w.Header().Set(xhttp.ServerInfo, MinioStoreName)

	// Set `x-amz-bucket-region` only if region is set on the server

Und dann können Sie Header in diesem *vorübergehenden* Response-Objekt festlegen.

```Python hl_lines="1  7-8"
{!../../../docs_src/response_headers/tutorial002.py!}
```

Anschließend können Sie wie gewohnt jedes gewünschte Objekt zurückgeben (ein `dict`, ein Datenbankmodell, usw.).

    protected List<WorkspaceReader> readers;
    protected WorkspaceRepository repository;

    /**
     * Creates a new workspace reader by chaining the specified readers.
     *
     * @param readers The readers to chain must not be {@code null}.
     */
    public MavenChainedWorkspaceReader(WorkspaceReader... readers) {
        setReaders(Arrays.asList(readers));
    }

    @Override

     * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#getResources(String)
     */
    public static Iterator<URL> getResources(final ClassLoader loader, final String name) {
        assertArgumentNotNull("loader", loader);
        assertArgumentNotEmpty("name", name);

        try {
            final Enumeration<URL> e = loader.getResources(name);
            return new EnumerationIterator<>(e);
        } catch (final IOException e) {

            if (null == value && implType.isInterface() && configuration.getChildCount() == 0) {
                return null; // nothing to process
            }
            final Object bean = instantiateObject(implType);
            if (null == value) {
                processConfiguration(lookup, bean, loader, configuration, evaluator, listener);
            } else {

  name: String,
  value: String,
) = apply {
  headers[name] = value
}

fun Response.Builder.commonAddHeader(
  name: String,
  value: String,
) = apply {
  headers.add(name, value)
}

fun Response.Builder.commonRemoveHeader(name: String) =
  apply {
    headers.removeAll(name)
  }

fun Response.Builder.commonHeaders(headers: Headers) =
  apply {
    this.headers = headers.newBuilder()

def test_read_item():
    response = client.get("/items/foo", headers={"X-Token": "coneofsilence"})
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {
        "id": "foo",
        "title": "Foo",
        "description": "There goes my hero",
    }


def test_read_item_bad_token():
    response = client.get("/items/foo", headers={"X-Token": "hailhydra"})
    assert response.status_code == 400

            - background
            - raw_headers
            - render
            - init_headers
            - headers
            - set_cookie
            - delete_cookie

::: fastapi.responses.HTMLResponse
    options:
        members:
            - charset
            - status_code
            - media_type
            - body
            - background
            - raw_headers
            - render

        final File junitJar = ResourceUtil.getBuildDir(TestCase.class);
        assertTrue(junitJar.exists());
        final URL url = junitJar.toURI().toURL();
        final URLClassLoader loader = new URLClassLoader(new URL[] { url });
        loader.loadClass(TestCase.class.getName());
    }

    /**
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public void testIsExist() throws Exception {