available, instead of erroring out, the dependency result will be
                `None`.

                This is useful when you want to have optional authentication.

                It is also useful when you want to have authentication that can be
                provided in one of multiple optional ways (for example, in a query
                parameter or in an HTTP Bearer token).
                """

                    },
                    "summary": "Create an item",
                    "description": "Create an item with all the information:\n\n- **name**: each item must have a name\n- **description**: a long description\n- **price**: required\n- **tax**: if the item doesn't have tax, you can omit this\n- **tags**: a set of unique tag strings for this item",
                    "operationId": "create_item_items__post",
                    "requestBody": {

                    },
                    "summary": "Create an item",
                    "description": "Create an item with all the information:\n\n- **name**: each item must have a name\n- **description**: a long description\n- **price**: required\n- **tax**: if the item doesn't have tax, you can omit this\n- **tags**: a set of unique tag strings for this item",
                    "operationId": "create_item_items__post",
                    "requestBody": {

                    "operationId": "read_items_items__get",
                    "parameters": [
                        {
                            "description": "Query string for the items to search in the database that have a good match",
                            "required": False,
                            "deprecated": True,
                            "schema": IsDict(
                                {

@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(
    q: Annotated[
        Union[str, None],
        Query(
            title="Query string",
            description="Query string for the items to search in the database that have a good match",
            min_length=3,
        ),
    ] = None,
):
    results = {"items": [{"item_id": "Foo"}, {"item_id": "Bar"}]}
    if q:
        results.update({"q": q})

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(
    q: str | None = Query(
        default=None,
        title="Query string",
        description="Query string for the items to search in the database that have a good match",
        min_length=3,
    ),
):
    results = {"items": [{"item_id": "Foo"}, {"item_id": "Bar"}]}
    if q:
        results.update({"q": q})

@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(
    q: str | None = Query(
        default=None,
        alias="item-query",
        title="Query string",
        description="Query string for the items to search in the database that have a good match",
        min_length=3,
        max_length=50,
        pattern="^fixedquery$",
        deprecated=True,
    ),
):
    results = {"items": [{"item_id": "Foo"}, {"item_id": "Bar"}]}
    if q:

from fastapi.utils import PYDANTIC_V2
from typing_extensions import Annotated

app = FastAPI()


def test_no_annotated_defaults():
    with pytest.raises(
        AssertionError, match="Path parameters cannot have a default value"
    ):

        @app.get("/items/{item_id}/")
        async def get_item(item_id: Annotated[int, Path(default=1)]):
            pass  # pragma: nocover

    with pytest.raises(

    )


def get_parameterless_sub_dependant(*, depends: params.Depends, path: str) -> Dependant:
    assert callable(
        depends.dependency
    ), "A parameter-less dependency must have a callable dependency"
    return get_sub_dependant(depends=depends, dependency=depends.dependency, path=path)


def get_sub_dependant(
    *,
    depends: params.Depends,
    dependency: Callable[..., Any],

        )
    ]
}
foo_is_short = {
    "detail": [
        IsDict(
            {
                "ctx": {"min_length": 1},
                "loc": ["query", "foo"],
                "msg": "String should have at least 1 character",
                "type": "string_too_short",
                "input": "",
            }
        )
        # TODO: remove when deprecating Pydantic v1
        | IsDict(
            {